Anesthesiology
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Mild intraoperative hypothermia prolongs postanesthetic recovery.
Intraoperative hypothermia is common and persists for several hours after surgery. Hypothermia may prolong immediate recovery by augmenting anesthetic potency, delaying drug metabolism, producing hemodynamic instability, or depressing cognitive function. Accordingly, the authors tested the hypothesis that intraoperative hypothermia prolongs postoperative recovery. ⋯ Maintaining core normothermia decreases the duration of postanesthetic recovery and may, therefore, reduce costs of care.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Dose-response of rocuronium bromide in children anesthetized with propofol: a comparison with succinylcholine.
The aim of this study was to determine the potency of rocuronium during propofol/fentanyl/N2O anesthesia in children and to compare the time course of action of rocuronium at doses of two and three times the ED95 with that of succinylcholine. ⋯ Both 1.2 mg/kg rocuronium (three times the ED95) and 2 mg/kg succinylcholine provide 90% neuromuscular block within 45 s in 95% of children. The present dose-response data support the use of rocuronium at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg when rapid onset and intermediate-duration neuromuscular block are needed in children.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Patient-controlled analgesia after major shoulder surgery: patient-controlled interscalene analgesia versus patient-controlled analgesia.
The authors compared patient-controlled interscalene analgesia (PCIA) with local anesthetics with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with opioids to manage postoperative pain after major shoulder surgery. ⋯ The use of the PCIA technique was uncomplicated and provided better pain relief than PCA during the first 18 h after operation. The incidence of side effects such as vomiting and pruritus was significantly decreased with the use of PCIA, and patient satisfaction was superior in the PCIA group.
-
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Comparison of the Bullard and Macintosh laryngoscopes for endotracheal intubation of patients with a potential cervical spine injury.
In the emergency trauma situation, in-line stabilization (ILS) of the cervical spine is used to reduce head and neck extension during laryngoscopy. The Bullard laryngoscope may result in less cervical spine movement than the Macintosh laryngoscope. The aim of this study was to compare cervical spine extension (measured radiographically) and time to intubation with the Bullard and Macintosh laryngoscopes during a simulated emergency with cervical spine precautions taken. ⋯ Cervical spine extension and time to intubation are similar for the Macintosh laryngoscope with ILS and the Bullard laryngoscope without ILS. However, time to intubation is significantly prolonged when the Bullard laryngoscope is used in a simulated emergency with cervical spine precautions taken. This suggests that the Bullard laryngoscope may be a useful adjunct to intubation of patients with potential cervical spine injury when time to intubation is not critical.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Greater incidence of delirium during recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia in preschool boys.
In the authors' clinical experience, preschool children are more likely to show delirium after sevoflurane than are older children. ⋯ Sevoflurane provided quicker emergence and early recovery compared with halothane, but the incidence of delirium was greater in preschool boys after sevoflurane.