Anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Dose proportionality and pharmacokinetics of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate.
The pharmacokinetics of a single dose (15 microg/kg) of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) have been characterized. A range of doses may eventually be used in clinical practice. The goal of this study was to determine if the pharmacokinetics of OTFC are dose proportional for doses ranging from 200 to 1,600 microg. ⋯ Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate exhibits dose-proportional pharmacokinetics over the dose range of 200-1,600 microg.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Recovery of storage and emptying functions of the urinary bladder after spinal anesthesia with lidocaine and with bupivacaine in men.
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of spinal anesthesia with lidocaine and with bupivacaine on urinary bladder function in healthy men who were scheduled for minor orthopaedic surgical procedures. ⋯ Spinal anesthesia with lidocaine and with bupivacaine causes a clinically significant disturbance of bladder function due to interruption of the micturition reflex. The urge to void disappears quickly and bladder function remains impaired until the block has regressed to the third sacral segment in all patients. With long-acting local anesthetics, the volume of accumulated urine may exceed the cystometric bladder capacity. With respect to recovery of urinary bladder function, the use of short-acting local anesthetics for spinal anesthesia seems to be preferable.