Anesthesiology
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The study was designed to examine a new method of confirming proper caudal needle placement using nerve stimulation. ⋯ This test may be used as a teaching and adjuvant tool in performing caudal block.
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Comment Letter Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Strict temperature control has no effect on injection pain with propofol.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Analgesic and hemodynamic effects of intrathecal clonidine as the sole analgesic agent during first stage of labor: a dose-response study.
Intrathecal clonidine produces dose-dependent postoperative analgesia and enhances labor analgesia from intrathecal sufentanil. The authors evaluated the dose-response potency of intrathecally administered clonidine by itself during first stage of labor with respect to analgesia and maternal and fetal side effects. ⋯ Fifty to 200 microg intrathecal clonidine produces dose-dependent analgesia during first stage of labor. Although duration and quality of analgesia were more pronounced with 100 and 200 microg than with 50 microg, the high incidence of hypotension requires caution with the use of 200 microg for labor analgesia.