Anesthesiology
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Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers have been proposed as an adjunct to autologous blood conservation techniques during elective surgery. To date, the effects of perfluorocarbon emulsions at the microcirculatory level have not been studied extensively. In this study the effects of perflubron emulsion on the microcirculation after acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) were investigated using different colloid plasma expanders. ⋯ Hydroxyethyl starch, gelatin, and HSA are compatible with perflubron emulsion in the setting of ANH. Only DX-60 appeared to be incompatible with perflubron emulsion, as evidenced by impairment of capillary perfusion.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Inhaled albuterol, but not intravenous lidocaine, protects against intubation-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma.
The ability of intravenous lidocaine to prevent intubation-induced bronchospasm is unclear. The authors performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to test the ability of intravenous lidocaine and inhaled albuterol to attenuate airway reactivity after tracheal intubation in asthmatic patients undergoing general anesthesia. ⋯ Inhaled albuterol blunted airway response to tracheal intubation in asthmatic patients, whereas intravenous lidocaine did not.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Low- and medium-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starches: comparison of their effect on blood coagulation.
High-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch (HES) compromises blood coagulation more than medium-molecular-weight HES. The authors compared medium molecular weight HES (200 kd [HES200]) and low-molecular-weight HES (70 kd [HES70]). ⋯ Low-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch (70 kd) compromises blood coagulation slightly less than HES200, but it is unclear whether this is clinically relevant.