Anesthesiology
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MPV-2426 is a novel alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist developed for spinal pain therapy. It has proved to be effective in physiologic and neuropathic conditions. In the current study its effectiveness on mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed in a rat model of postoperative pain. ⋯ Intrathecal MPV-2426 dose-dependently attenuates postoperative hyperalgesia to mechanical stimulation because of an action on alpha2 adrenoceptors. Its antihyperalgesic action is as effective as that produced by dexmedetomidine and is considerably stronger than that produced by clonidine. However, preoperative treatment with MPV-2426 does not prevent the development of postoperative hyperalgesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Ropivacaine, 0.1%, plus sufentanil, 0.5 microg/ml, versus bupivacaine, 0.1%, plus sufentanil, 0.5 microg/ml, using patient-controlled epidural analgesia for labor: a double-blind comparison.
This study compared the administration of 0.1% ropivacaine and 0.5 microg/ml sufentanil with that of 0.1% bupivacaine and 0.5 microg/ml sufentanil via patient-controlled epidural analgesia route during labor. ⋯ Delivered as patient-controlled epidural analgesia, 0.1% ropivacaine and 0.5 microg/ml sufentanil produce less motor block but are clinically less potent than 0.1% bupivacaine and 0.5 microg/ml sufentanil.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Amniotic fluid removal during cell salvage in the cesarean section patient.
Cell salvage has been used in obstetrics to a limited degree because of a fear of amniotic fluid embolism. In this study, cell salvage was combined with blood filtration using a leukocyte depletion filter. A comparison of this washed, filtered product was then made with maternal central venous blood. ⋯ Leukocyte depletion filtering of cell-salvaged blood obtained from cesarean section significantly reduces particulate contaminants to a concentration equivalent to maternal venous blood.
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Neuronal excitability is in part determined by Ca2+ availability that is controlled by regulatory mechanisms of cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt). Alteration of any of those mechanisms by volatile anesthetics (VAs) may lead to a change in presynaptic transmission and postsynaptic excitability. Using a human neuroblastoma cell line, the effects of halothane and isoflurane on cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in response to K+ and carbachol stimulation were investigated. ⋯ Volatile anesthetics acted on sites that differently affect the K+- and carbachol-evoked [Ca2+]cyt transients. These data suggest the involvement of an intracellular Ca2+ translocation from the caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ store to the inositol triphosphate-sensitive Ca2+ store that was altered by halothane and isoflurane.