Anesthesiology
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Comparative Study
Midazolam inhibits proinflammatory mediators in the lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophage.
Midazolam, a benzodiazepine, has a hypnotic effect and is widely used as a sedative. The role of midazolam in activation of macrophages during sepsis is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiinflammatory actions of midazolam in cultured macrophages. ⋯ These results suggest that midazolam has an antiinflammatory action by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression, possibly through suppression of NF-kappaB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.
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Comparative Study
Flumazenil mimics whereas midazolam abolishes ischemic preconditioning in a rabbit heart model of ischemia-reperfusion.
The goal of the current study was to assess the effects of flumazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, in limiting infarct size and in reducing hydroxyl free radical production. ⋯ Flumazenil mimics preconditioning to decrease infarct size and hydroxyl radical production during reperfusion. Midazolam, however, abolishes these effects. Blockade of benzodiazepine receptors is upstream to the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K channels in the preconditioning cascade.
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Letter Case Reports
An error associated with an epidural drug infusion pump.