Anesthesiology
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[This corrects the article on p. 1281 in vol. 121, issue 6, PMID: 25072223.].
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Neosaxitoxin (NeoSTX) is a site-1 sodium channel blocker undergoing clinical trials as a prolonged-duration local anesthetic. Rat sciatic block and intravenous infusion models were used to assess efficacy and local and systemic toxicities for NeoSTX in saline (NeoSTX-Saline), bupivacaine (Bup), and their combination (NeoSTX-Bup). Exploratory studies evaluated the effects of addition of epinephrine to NeoSTX-Bup (NeoSTX-Bup-Epi). ⋯ NeoSTX-Bup and NeoSTX-Bup-Epi hold promise for prolonged-duration local anesthesia.
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Biography Historical Article
Fanny Davenport and the Doctors Rugg: 25-cent "Extracting, with Gas".
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Patients with neuropathic pain show reduced endogenous analgesia induced by a conditioned noxious stimulus. Here, the authors tested whether peripheral nerve injury impairs descending noradrenergic inhibition from the locus coeruleus (LC) after L5-L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in rats. ⋯ These results suggest that increased extracellular glutamate in the LC consequent to down-regulation of GLT-1 contributes to LC dysfunction and impaired pain-evoked endogenous analgesia after nerve injury.