Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 1993
Comparative StudyCentral nervous system complications after cardiac surgery: a comparison between coronary artery bypass grafting and valve surgery.
Central nervous system (CNS) complications (disturbance of consciousness, focal motor deficits, and seizures) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and cardiac valve surgery were studied retrospectively. The incidence of CNS complications was significantly more frequent in CABG (11%, 71/638) than in valve surgery (7%, 24/345). ⋯ The preexisting cerebrovascular disease and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time probably increase the risk of cerebral embolism and/or cerebral hypoperfusion. We conclude that patients undergoing CABG surgery are at greater risk for neurological damage in comparison to those undergoing valve surgery.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 1993
Influence of age on awakening concentrations of sevoflurane and isoflurane.
We determined whether age, duration of anesthesia, gender, or type of surgery significantly influenced end-tidal concentrations on awakening from anesthesia with sevoflurane and isoflurane in 39 healthy ASA physical status I patients. Postoperatively, the end-tidal anesthetic concentration was maintained at a constant level at least for 15 min. If patients failed to open their eyes on request, the end-tidal concentration was decreased and again maintained at a constant level for 15 min. ⋯ The end-tidal concentrations on awakening from anesthesia were 0.62 +/- 0.02% (mean +/- SE) for sevoflurane and 0.41 +/- 0.02% for isoflurane. Awakening concentration of sevoflurane and isoflurane correlated significantly with age (P < 0.001), but not with duration of anesthesia, gender, or type of surgery. The authors conclude that awakening concentration decreases at the similar rate of decrease in minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) with increasing age; and therefore, the ratios to MAC are fairly constant, being 0.34 for both sevoflurane and isoflurane.