Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2005
Case ReportsDesflurane, malignant hyperthermia, and release of compartment syndrome.
We describe a case of suspected malignant hyperthermia in a healthy 20-yr-old man. The patient underwent urgent release of upper extremity compartment syndrome as a result of traumatic vascular injury. ⋯ Treatment with dantrolene and supporting measures restored cardiovascular stability. Three days later he underwent a successful second surgery under regional block with total IV anesthesia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2005
Case ReportsA case of awareness despite an "adequate depth of anesthesia" as indicated by a Bispectral Index monitor.
We report a case of awareness that occurred despite the presence of an "adequate" depth of anesthesia as measured by Bispectral Index. Our patient was at high risk for this complication. ⋯ Preoperative use of opioids and gabapentin for chronic pain may have modified his response to anesthesia or affected his Bispectral Index reading. Our attempt to measure depth of anesthesia may have resulted in false reassurance concerning adequacy of anesthesia and contributed to awareness.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2005
Postoperative analgesia with remifentanil in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Remifentanil, a short-acting opioid, is commonly used in cardiac anesthesia. In this study we sought to demonstrate the feasibility of pain treatment and to determine the remifentanil dose necessary for adequate analgesia in tracheally extubated patients after cardiac surgery. Thirty patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery were included in this study. ⋯ The combination of remifentanil with a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug provided adequate analgesia in 73% of patients 30 min after tracheal extubation. Rapid dose titration was necessary during the first 10 min in 50% of patients. Increasing the initial remifentanil dose could shorten the titration period but may be associated with respiratory complications.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2005
Perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality after above-knee and below-knee amputations in diabetics and nondiabetics.
We performed a retrospective review of a vascular surgery quality assurance database to evaluate the perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality of above-knee amputations (AKA, n = 234) and below-knee amputations (BKA, n = 720) and to examine the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) (181 of AKA and 606 of BKA patients). All patients in the database who had AKA or BKA from 1990 to May 2001 were included in the study. Perioperative 30-day cardiac morbidity and mortality and 3-yr and 10-yr mortality after AKA or BKA were assessed. ⋯ Significant predictors of the 30-day perioperative mortality were the site of amputation (odds ratio, 4.35 [2.56-7.14]; P < 0.001) and history of renal insufficiency (odds ratio, 2.15 [1.13-4.08]; P = 0.019). AKA should be triaged as a high-risk surgery while BKA is an intermediate-risk surgery. Long-term survival after AKA or BKA is poor, regardless of the presence of DM.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2005
Patient-controlled interscalene analgesia after shoulder surgery: catheter insertion by the posterior approach.
Insertion and maintenance of an interscalene catheter is technically challenging using lateral or anterior approaches. We report a technique to provide continuous brachial plexus blockade through a 48-h infusion of ropivacaine 0.1% (5 mL/h with a 5 mL bolus dose, 20-min lockout interval) using a catheter inserted with cannula-over-needle technique on the posterior side of the neck in 120 patients undergoing shoulder surgery. All catheters were successfully placed. ⋯ Three patients complained of cervical pain. Pain scores as well as ropivacaine requirement via a patient-controlled analgesia device were low. Evaluation of acute and nonacute complications in a large-size study is needed to compare efficacy and safety of this approach with existing techniques.