Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2007
ReviewUltrasound-guided regional anesthesia: current concepts and future trends.
The scope of ultrasound imaging guidance for regional anesthesia is growing rapidly. Preliminary data, although limited, suggest that ultrasound can improve block success rate and decrease complications. In this review, we describe the basic principles of ultrasound scanning and needling techniques for nerve blocks, highlight some of the data on clinical outcome, discuss specific limitations of ultrasound for regional anesthesia, and speculate on the future direction for physician training and competency assessment with this technology.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2007
Comparative StudyPreexisting cognitive impairment in patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
An accurate assessment of the prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is necessary if valid assumptions regarding cognitive change are to be made. Such an assessment requires the use of a healthy control group free of cardiovascular disease. ⋯ Cognitive impairment is prevalent in patients presenting for CABG surgery. Impaired cognition before surgery must be considered when assessing the effects of CABG surgery on cognitive performance.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2007
Comparative StudyCricoid pressure impedes insertion of, and ventilation through, the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway in anesthetized, paralyzed patients.
We designed this prospective self-controlled study to assess whether cricoid pressure hampers placement of and ventilation through the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (ProSeal LMA) in anesthetized, paralyzed adult patients. ⋯ Cricoid pressure applied before insertion hampered proper placement of the ProSeal LMA. Temporary cricoid pressure release during insertion allowed the device to be advanced to the proper position. After correct placement of the ProSeal LMA, application of cricoid pressure did not change tidal volume, but produced a significant increase in peak inspiratory pressure.