Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2007
Comparative StudyThe effects of the local anesthetics lidocaine and procaine on glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
The voltage-dependent sodium channel is the primary site of action for local anesthetics (LAs). Although systemically administered low-dose LAs have been shown to exert antihyperalgesic effects, the molecular targets responsible for these effects are not fully known and their functional effects on inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors associated with antinociception have not been sufficiently studied. ⋯ Lidocaine and procaine enhanced glycine receptor function at low concentrations and inhibited the functions of glycine and GABA(A) receptors at high concentrations. The mechanism of the LA-induced enhancement of glycine receptor function probably differs from that of general anesthetics. These findings may explain the pharmacological effects of LAs, such as antinociception and convulsion.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2007
Comparative StudyExperimental neuropathy in mice is associated with delayed behavioral changes related to anxiety and depression.
Patients with chronic pain frequently suffer affective disorders, particularly anxiety and depression. Although clinical research on the relationship between pain and depressive symptoms has been done, it is not clear whether pain causes depression or depression exaggerates pain. To investigate the relation between pain and affect, we measured anxiety and depression-related behaviors in mice after spinal nerve ligation using classical behavioral tests. ⋯ Nerve injury can trigger affective disturbances in mice that appear much later than sensory hypersensitivity.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2007
Comparative StudyThe effects of dexmedetomidine on myogenic motor evoked potentials in rabbits.
Dexmedetomidine is used in the perioperative management of patients, including as an intraoperative adjuvant. The effects of dexmedetomidine on myogenic motor evoked potentials (MEPs) remain undetermined. We conducted the present study to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on myogenic MEPs in rabbits. ⋯ As long as multipulse is used for stimulation, the recording of myogenic MEPs is feasible in rabbits under ketamine and fentanyl anesthesia during the administration of dexmedetomidine at doses that are an adjunct to anesthesia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2007
ReviewMagnesium as an adjuvant to postoperative analgesia: a systematic review of randomized trials.
Randomized trials have reached different conclusions as to whether magnesium is a useful adjuvant to postoperative analgesia. ⋯ These trials do not provide convincing evidence that perioperative magnesium may have favorable effects on postoperative pain intensity and analgesic requirements. Perioperative magnesium supplementation prevents postoperative hypomagnesemia and decreases the incidence of postoperative shivering. It may be worthwhile to further study the role of magnesium as a supplement to postoperative analgesia, since this relatively harmless molecule is inexpensive, and the biological basis for its potential antinociceptive effect is promising.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyAn evaluation of a single dose of magnesium to supplement analgesia after ambulatory surgery: randomized controlled trial.
Previous studies have suggested that magnesium may be a useful adjuvant to postoperative analgesia. ⋯ In patients undergoing ambulatory ilioinguinal hernia repair or varicose vein operations under general anesthesia supplemented with other analgesic adjuvants, pretreatment with IV magnesium sulfate 4 g has no impact on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption.