Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyLiberal versus restrictive fluid management in knee arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blind study.
There are few data describing the relationship between amount of perioperative fluid and organ function. In this study we investigated the effects of two levels of intravascular fluid administration ("liberal" versus "restrictive") in knee arthroplasty on physiological recovery as the primary outcome variable. ⋯ A liberal compared to a restrictive intravascular fluid regimen may lead to significant hypercoagulability and a reduction in vomiting, but without differences in other recovery variables or hospital stay after fast-track knee arthroplasty.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA double-blind, crossover assessment of the sedative and analgesic effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine.
The alpha2-receptor agonist, dexmedetomidine, provides sedation with facilitated arousal and analgesia with no respiratory depression. These properties render it potentially useful for anesthesia premedication, although parenteral administration is not practical in this setting. We designed this study to evaluate the sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic, and hemodynamic effects of dexmedetomidine administered intranasally in healthy volunteers. ⋯ The intranasal route is effective, well tolerated, and convenient for the administration of dexmedetomidine. Future studies are required to evaluate the possible role of the noninvasive route of administration of dexmedetomidine in various clinical settings, including its role as premedication prior to induction of anesthesia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyThe prolonged postoperative analgesic effect when dexamethasone is added to a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (rofecoxib) before breast surgery.
Glucocorticoids provide analgesia. In this study, we evaluated the effects of adding dexamethasone to a multimodal postoperative analgesic regimen, including a long-acting nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug. ⋯ Dexamethasone 16 mg provides prolonged postoperative analgesia from 24 to 72 h after surgery when added to a multimodal regimen including nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (rofecoxib).
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyClonidine 1 microg/kg is a safe and effective adjuvant to plain bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia in adolescents.
Spinal anesthesia is increasingly used in adolescents. However, the anesthesia provided by bupivacaine alone may be too short for the planned surgery. The addition of clonidine 2 microg/kg to bupivacaine provides a prolonged anesthetic action but may be associated with hypotension. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of intrathecal clonidine 1 mug/kg in adjunction to bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia in adolescents. ⋯ In adolescents, clonidine 1 microg/kg prolonged the duration of sensory block achieved with bupivacaine by 30 min and postoperative analgesia by 120 min without severe adverse events.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEutectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) decreases pain during humeral block placement in nonsedated patients.
We evaluated the potential role of an euctectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) cream application before performing midhumeral block. ⋯ The patients who received EMLA cream had less pain with needle puncture as well as throughout the performance of humeral block.