Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyUltrasound-guided sciatic nerve block in the popliteal fossa using a lateral approach: onset time comparing separate tibial and common peroneal nerve injections versus injecting proximal to the bifurcation.
We hypothesized that blocking the tibial and common peroneal nerves individually using ultrasound distal to sciatic bifurcation would decrease time to complete block compared with a block proximal to the bifurcation. ⋯ Blocking the tibial and common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa separately provides for a faster onset than a prebifurcation sciatic block.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialPlacement of the Univent tube without fiberoptic bronchoscope assistance.
In this study, we evaluated the feasibility and accuracy of Univent tube (Fuji Systems, Tokyo, Japan) placement with the aid of auscultation (AUS) or as guided by a lighted stylet (LS) compared with placement guided by the fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) or the blind intubation technique as recommended by the manufacturer's guidelines. ⋯ The placement of the Univent tube with the aid of AUS or an LS is feasible, and both techniques require less time than placement aided by an FOB or as recommended by the manufacturer.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of aminophylline on loss of consciousness, bispectral index, propofol requirement, and minimum alveolar concentration of desflurane in volunteers.
Adenosine is a soporific neuromodulator; aminophylline, which is clinically used as a bronchodilator, antagonizes the action of adenosine in the central nervous system. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that aminophylline delays loss of consciousness (LOC) and speeds recovery of consciousness (ROC) with propofol anesthesia, and that aminophylline increases the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of desflurane. ⋯ Aminophylline decreases the sedative effects of propofol but does not affect MAC of desflurane as determined by tetanic electrical stimulation.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effects of nabilone on sleep in fibromyalgia: results of a randomized controlled trial.
Sleep disorders affect many patients with chronic pain conditions. Cannabis has been reported by several patient populations to help sleep. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid, on sleep disturbance in fibromyalgia (FM), a disease characterized by widespread chronic pain and insomnia. ⋯ Nabilone is effective in improving sleep in patients with FM and is well tolerated. Low-dose nabilone given once daily at bedtime may be considered as an alternative to amitriptyline. Longer trials are needed to determine the duration of effect and to characterize long-term safety.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialHemofiltration during cardiopulmonary bypass does not decrease the incidence of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) occurs in 20%-50% of patients after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Corticosteroids are reported to decrease the incidence of postoperative AF, presumably by attenuating inflammation caused by surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We hypothesized that hemofiltration during CPB, which may attenuate inflammation, might decrease the incidence of AF after cardiac surgery. ⋯ Perioperative corticosteroids or the use of hemofiltration during CPB did not decrease the incidence of AF after cardiac surgery. Further studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of perioperative corticosteroids for prevention of postoperative AF are warranted before their routine use can be recommended.