Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA pilot study for a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial of the influence of anesthetic depth on long-term outcome.
Greater depth of anaesthesia may be associated with a higher incidence of wound infection, mortality and composite risk of complications.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialDexmedetomidine Reduces Propofol and Remifentanil Requirements During Bispectral Index-Guided Closed-Loop Anesthesia: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
The α2-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine is a sedative and can be used as an adjunct to anesthetics. Our primary goal was thus to determine the extent to which dexmedetomidine reduces the requirement for propofol and remifentanil. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine administration significantly reduced the requirement for both propofol and remifentanil during anesthetic induction and reduced propofol use during maintenance of anesthesia. Dexmedetomidine also delayed postoperative analgesic use. Dexmedetomidine is a useful adjuvant that reduces anesthetic requirement and provides postoperative analgesia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2014
Montelukast Attenuates Neuropathic Pain Through Inhibiting p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B in a Rat Model of Chronic Constriction Injury.
Cysteinyl leukotrienes and their receptors have been shown to be involved in the generation of neuropathic pain. We performed this study to determine the antagonistic effect of montelukast, a cysteinyl leukotrienes receptor antagonist, on neuropathic pain and its underlying mechanism. ⋯ These results suggest that montelukast could effectively attenuate neuropathic pain in CCI rats by inhibiting the activation of p38MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in spinal microglia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialThe Effects of Perineural Versus Intravenous Dexamethasone on Sciatic Nerve Blockade Outcomes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
Neither IV or perineural dexamethasone as part of a sciatic nerve block improved the quality of surgical recovery, but did prolong block duration.
pearl -
Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Observational StudyA novel method for ultrasound-guided radial arterial catheterization in pediatric patients.
Radial arterial catheterization in pediatric patients is occasionally difficult despite ultrasound guidance. We therefore assessed the factors affecting catheterization and tested an intervention designed to improve its success. ⋯ Ultrasound-guided radial artery catheterization in pediatric patients was fastest and most reliable when the artery was 2 to 4 mm below the skin surface. For arteries located <2 mm below the skin surface, increasing the depth to 2 to 4 mm by subcutaneous saline injection reduced catheterization time and improved the success rate.