Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2016
Review Meta AnalysisThe Effectiveness of Midazolam for Preventing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Previous randomized controlled trials regarding the effectiveness of perioperative midazolam in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) have produced conflicting results. Consequently, the present systematic review was performed to assess the effect of perioperative administration of midazolam on PONV. ⋯ Perioperative administration of midazolam was effective in preventing PON, POV, and PONV.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2016
Review Meta AnalysisThe Effectiveness of Midazolam for Preventing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Previous randomized controlled trials regarding the effectiveness of perioperative midazolam in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) have produced conflicting results. Consequently, the present systematic review was performed to assess the effect of perioperative administration of midazolam on PONV. ⋯ Perioperative administration of midazolam was effective in preventing PON, POV, and PONV.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2016
Review Comparative StudyLimitations of Significance Testing in Clinical Research: A Review of Multiple Comparison Corrections and Effect Size Calculations with Correlated Measures.
Modern clinical research commonly uses complex designs with multiple related outcomes, including repeated-measures designs. While multiple comparison corrections and effect size calculations are needed to more accurately assess an intervention's significance and impact, understanding the limitations of these methods in the case of dependency and correlation is important. In this review, we outline methods for multiple comparison corrections and effect size calculations and considerations in cases of correlation and summarize relevant simulation studies to illustrate these concepts.
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Artifacts are frequently encountered during echocardiographic examinations. An understanding of the physics and underlying assumptions of ultrasound processing involved with image generation is important for accurate interpretation of 2D grayscale, spectral Doppler, color flow Doppler, and 3D artifacts and their clinical implications.
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Outcomes after cardiac arrest remain poor more than a half a century after closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was first described. This review article is focused on recent insights into the physiology of blood flow to the heart and brain during CPR. ⋯ This article highlights the importance of attention to CPR quality, recent approaches to regulate intrathoracic pressure to improve cerebral and systemic perfusion, and ongoing research related to the ways to mitigate reperfusion injury during CPR. Taken together, these new approaches in adult and pediatric patients provide an innovative, physiologically based road map to increase survival and quality of life after cardiac arrest.