Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2017
A Real-Time Decision Support System for Anesthesiologist End-of-Shift Relief.
A decision support system using recent data about work hours and real-time data about relief events was developed to guide anesthesiologist end-of-shift relief decisions in an effort to promote a relief order that prioritized relief for those who had recently worked later than others. After system implementation, there were fewer deviations from this idealized order of relief, and early relief was more evenly distributed.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2017
Optimizing Prone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Identifying the Vertebral Level Correlating With the Largest Left Ventricle Cross-Sectional Area via Computed Tomography Scan.
Placing the patient in the prone position frequently is required for some surgical procedures. If cardiac arrest occurs and the patient cannot be safely turned supine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may need to be performed with the patient in the prone position. Although clear landmarks have been defined for supine CPR, the optimal hand position for CPR in the prone position has not been clearly determined. The purpose of this study was to determine anatomically the optimal hand position for CPR in the prone position. ⋯ When the patient is positioned prone, the largest LV cross-sectional area is 0 to 2 vertebral segments below the inferior angle of the scapula in at least 86% of patients. Further studies are needed to determine whether this position is optimal for chest compressions in the prone position.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2017
Time- and Dose-Dependent Effects of Desflurane in Sensitized Airways.
Although the bronchodilatory actions of volatile anesthetics, such as halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, have been well documented in previous studies, the properties of desflurane remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of desflurane at different concentrations and durations in an ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pig model of airway hyper-responsiveness. ⋯ Desflurane exerted time- and dose-dependent effects and could be used at 0.5 and 1.0 MAC concentrations without significant bronchoconstriction in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. Cyclic AMP-mediated airway smooth muscle relaxation might be one mechanism by which desflurane induces bronchodilation.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2017
A Novel Approach for the Control of Inflammatory Pain: Prostaglandin E2 Complexation by Randomly Methylated β-Cyclodextrins.
Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase, which block the formation of prostaglandin (PG) E2, are the standard treatment of inflammatory pain. These drugs, however, have serious gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular side effects that limit their clinical use. Cyclodextrins are neutral glucose oligomers that form a hydrophilic outer and a hydrophobic interior cavity used to carry hydrophilic substances. Methyl-β-cyclodextrins are used currently in several drugs as enhancers and also to deliver PGs. We therefore hypothesized that randomly methylated β-cyclodextrins (RAMEB) could be used for pain treatment. ⋯ Capture of PGs by cyclodextrins could be a novel and innovative tool for the treatment of inflammatory pain and bypassing some unwanted side effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors.