Anesthesia and analgesia
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2018
Dexmedetomidine-Mediated Prevention of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Depends in Part on Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms.
Organ ischemia-reperfusion injury often induces local and systemic inflammatory responses, which in turn worsen organ injury. These inflammatory responses can be regulated by the central nervous system, particularly by the vagal nerve and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which are the key components of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway can suppress excessive inflammatory responses and be a potential strategy for prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury of organs including the kidney. ⋯ Our findings suggest that Dex provides renoprotection, at least in part, through anti-inflammatory effects of the parasympathetic nervous system activation in addition to its direct actions on α2-adrenergic receptors.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2018
Prospective, Randomized Comparison of the i-gel and the Self-Pressurized air-Q Intubating Laryngeal Airway in Elderly Anesthetized Patients.
Age-related changes in upper airway anatomy may affect the overall performance of supraglottic airways significantly. The clinical performance of the i-gel and the self-pressurized air-Q intubating laryngeal airways with noninflatable cuffs for elderly populations remains unknown, unlike in children. Thus, we performed a prospective, randomized comparison of these 2 supraglottic airways in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia. ⋯ The i-gel provided better sealing function than the self-pressurized air-Q supraglottic airway according to the high oropharyngeal leak pressures in elderly patients during general anesthesia. The self-pressurized air-Q supraglottic airway had improved fiberoptic views in elderly patients during general anesthesia.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2018
Predicting the Size of a Left Double-Lumen Tube for Asian Women Based on the Combination of the Diameters of the Cricoid Ring and Left Main Bronchus: A Randomized, Prospective, Controlled Trial.
There are limited data about how to choose the correct size of a double-lumen tube (DLT). It is especially difficult to select an appropriate DLT for Asian women because of their small stature. The primary aim of this study was to compare the overall accuracy of the DLT selected based on the combination of transverse diameter of cricoid ring and the equivalent diameter of the left main bronchus (ED-LMB) with that based on the ED-LMB alone for Asian women. ⋯ The correct size of DLT for Asian women should be selected based on the combination of transverse diameter of cricoid ring and the ED-LMB.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2018
Predicting the Depth of the Lumbar Plexus in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.
The lumbar plexus (LP) block is commonly used for analgesia for lower extremities. If the depth of the LP (LPD) can be predicted, the performance time and procedure-related complications could be reduced. ⋯ When LP block is performed in pediatric patients, the LPD and risk of renal injury should be considered for successful and safe analgesic block.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialPreoperative Continuation Versus Interruption of Oral Hypoglycemics in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
It’s likely safe to continue metformin and sulphonylureas in those fasting for day surgery, in the absence of renal impairment.
pearl