Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2003
Multicenter StudyThe association of early computed tomography scan findings and ambulation, self-care, and supervision needs at rehabilitation discharge and at 1 year after traumatic brain injury.
To ascertain the association between early computed tomography (CT) scan findings and the need for assistance with ambulation, activities of daily living (ADLs), and supervision at rehabilitation discharge and at 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ The presence of either a midline shift greater than 5mm or a subcortical contusion on acute CT scans is associated with a greater need of assistance with ambulation, ADLs, and global supervision at rehabilitation discharge. Patients with bilateral cortical contusions require more global supervision at rehabilitation discharge but no more supervision for ambulation and ADLs. These findings may aid health care professionals and potential caregivers in planning for rehabilitation and supervision needs after rehabilitation discharge and, to a lesser extent, at 1 year after TBI.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2003
Multicenter StudyIncidence, risk factors, and outcomes of fecal incontinence after acute brain injury: findings from the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems national database.
To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcome in patients with fecal incontinence after acute brain injury. ⋯ Fecal incontinence is a significant problem after brain injury. Certain factors may increase its likelihood. Further studies evaluating mechanisms of fecal incontinence and treatment or control interventions would be useful.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2003
Multicenter StudyEtiology of traumatic brain injury: characterization of differential outcomes up to 1 year postinjury.
To characterize outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from vehicular crashes, violence, falls, or other causes. ⋯ This study elucidated important differences between persons with violence-related TBI and those with non-violence-related TBI. Further research is needed to find effective interventions to address these differences.