Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2020
Clinical TrialIntensive Statin Treatment in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Patients with Intracranial Atherosclerosis: a High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging study (STAMINA-MRI Study).
Intracranial atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischaemic stroke worldwide. A number of studies have shown the effects of statin treatment on coronary and carotid artery plaques, but there is little evidence on the effects of statin treatment on intracranial atherosclerotic plaques. ⋯ High-dose statin treatment effectively stabilised symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic plaques as documented by HR-MRI. Further study is needed to determine laboratory and genetic factors associated with poor response to statins and alternative therapeutic options, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 inhibitors, for these patients.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2020
Observational StudySecond IVIg course in Guillain-Barré syndrome with poor prognosis: the non-randomised ISID study.
To compare disease course in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with a poor prognosis who were treated with one or with two intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) courses. ⋯ This observational study did not show better outcomes after a second IVIg course in GBS with poor prognosis. The study was limited by small numbers and baseline imbalances. Lack of improvement was likely an incentive to start a second IVIg course. A prospective randomised trial is needed to evaluate whether a second IVIg course improves outcome in GBS.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2020
Pure tone audiometry and cerebral pathology in healthy older adults.
Hearing impairment may be a modifiable risk factor for dementia. However, it is unclear how hearing associates with pathologies relevant to dementia in preclinical populations. ⋯ Pure tone audiometry performance did not predict concurrent β-amyloid deposition, small vessel disease or Alzheimer's disease-pattern neurodegeneration, and had limited impact on cognitive function, in healthy adults aged approximately 70 years.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2020
Structural network changes in cerebral small vessel disease.
To investigate whether longitudinal structural network efficiency is associated with cognitive decline and whether baseline network efficiency predicts mortality in cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). ⋯ Disruption of the network efficiency, a metric assessing the efficiency of network information transfer, plays an important role in explaining cognitive decline in SVD, which was however not independent of imaging markers of SVD. Furthermore, baseline network efficiency predicts risk of mortality in SVD that may reflect the global health status of the brain in SVD. This emphasises the importance of structural network analysis in the context of SVD research and the use of network measures as surrogate markers in research setting.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2020
Peripheral blood helper T cell profiles and their clinical relevance in MOG-IgG-associated and AQP4-IgG-associated disorders and MS.
To investigate the immunological characteristics and their clinical relevance in anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated and anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG-associated disorders (MOGAD and AQPAD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ The present study first investigated intracellular cytokine levels among MOGAD, AQPAD and MS. The different patterns and extent of helper T cell profiles could reflect the pathogenesis of each disorders, and may affect disease severity and activity.