Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2022
Can brain signals and anatomy refine contact choice for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease?
Selecting the ideal contact to apply subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson's disease is time-consuming and reliant on clinical expertise. The aim of this cohort study was to assess whether neuronal signals (beta oscillations and evoked resonant neural activity (ERNA)), and the anatomical location of electrodes, can predict the contacts selected by long-term, expert-clinician programming of STN-DBS. ⋯ This work supports the development of probability-based algorithms using neuronal signals and anatomical data to assist programming of deep brain stimulation.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2022
Exploring in vivo multiple sclerosis brain microstructural damage through T1w/T2w ratio: a multicentre study.
To evaluate white matter and grey matter T1-weighted (w)/T2w ratio (T1w/T2w ratio) in healthy controls and patients with multiple sclerosis, and its association with clinical disability. ⋯ T1w/T2w ratio may represent a clinically relevant marker sensitive to demyelination, neurodegeneration and iron accumulation occurring at the different multiple sclerosis phases.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2022
Effect of sodium phenylbutyrate/taurursodiol on tracheostomy/ventilation-free survival and hospitalisation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: long-term results from the CENTAUR trial.
Coformulated sodium phenylbutyrate/taurursodiol (PB/TURSO) was shown to prolong survival and slow functional decline in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ⋯ Early PB/TURSO prolonged tracheostomy/PAV-free survival and delayed first hospitalisation in ALS.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2022
Favourable arterial, tissue-level and venous collaterals correlate with early neurological improvement after successful thrombectomy treatment of acute ischaemic stroke.
Early neurological improvement (ENI) after thrombectomy is associated with better long-term outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). Whether cerebral collaterals influence the likelihood of ENI is poorly described. We hypothesised that favourable collateral perfusion at the arterial, tissue-level and venous outflow (VO) levels is associated with ENI after thrombectomy. ⋯ Favourable PAC and VO were associated with ENI after thrombectomy. Favourable TLC predicted longer term functional recovery after thrombectomy, but the impact of TLC on ENI is strongly dependent on vessel reperfusion.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2022
Increasing incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the Greater Hobart cohort of Tasmania, Australia.
The Greater Hobart region (42.5°S) of Tasmania has consistently had the highest recorded prevalence and incidence rates of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Australia. We reassessed MS epidemiology in 2009-2019 and assessed longitudinal changes over 68 years. ⋯ Prevalence and incidence of MS continue to increase significantly in Hobart, alongside marked reductions in mortality and increased case longevity. The marked increase in incidence is of particular note and may reflect longstanding changes in MS risk behaviours including changing sun exposure, obesity rates, and smoking behaviours, particularly in females. Falling mortality contributes to increase longevity and prevalence, likely reflecting improved overall MS healthcare and implementation of disease-modifying therapy.