Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Contribution of basal ganglia activity to REM sleep disorder in Parkinson's disease.
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is one of the most common sleep problems and represents a key prodromal marker in Parkinson's disease (PD). It remains unclear whether and how basal ganglia nuclei, structures that are directly involved in the pathology of PD, are implicated in the occurrence of RBD. ⋯ These findings support that basal ganglia activities are associated with if not directly contribute to the occurrence of RBD in PD. Our study expands the understanding of the role basal ganglia played in RBD and may foster improved therapies for RBD by interrupting the basal ganglia-muscular communication during REM sleep in PD.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Neuroanatomical and prognostic associations of depression in Parkinson's disease.
Depression is reported as a risk factor, prodromal feature and late consequence of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to evaluate the timing, neuroanatomy and prognostic implications of depression in PD. ⋯ This large-scale prospective study demonstrated that depression prevalence increases from 10 years before PD diagnosis and is a marker of cortical and subcortical volume loss. Depression before PD diagnosis signals a worse prognosis in terms of dementia and mortality. This has clinical implications in stratifying people with poorer cognitive and prognostic trajectory in PD.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Active and non-active progression independent of relapse activity within the first 20 years of relapsing multiple sclerosis.
Progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) has been described since the early stage of relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). However, little is known about the relation between PIRA and inflammatory activity that is particularly important at this stage of the disease. ⋯ This study evidenced that inflammatory activity increases the risk of PIRA in early RMS, arguing that a significant part of PIRA is accessible to treatment targeting inflammation in these patients.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Increased apathy post-interstitial laser capsulotomy for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder.
MRI guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (M-LITT) capsulotomy has proven to be efficacious in decreasing refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) related symptomatology yet capsulotomy either via radiosurgery or radiofrequency ablation has in some patients led to increased apathy following surgery. The current case series aims to investigate objective patient-reported change in apathy, disinhibition, depression, and executive dysfunction following anterior capsulotomy via M-LITT for OCD. ⋯ Most patients in the current cohort achieved full-or-partial OCD recovery. Yet, 60% of patients also reported significant increases in apathy, despite experiencing a decrease in depression symptoms, with stable disinhibition and executive dysfunction. Despite these promising improvements in OCD symptomatology following M-LITT, further investigations of the impact of surgery and lesion location on apathy levels is clearly warranted using objective, quantifiable methods.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2024
Neuropsychiatric symptoms in cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease: biomarker discovery using plasma proteomics.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in older people with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). No biomarkers to detect the related pathology or predict the clinical evolution of NPS are available yet. This study aimed to identify plasma proteins that may serve as biomarkers for NPS and NPS-related clinical disease progression. ⋯ Plasma proteins are associated with NPS and improve prediction of future NPS.