European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Apr 2024
ReviewMicroRNA in cardiometabolic health and disease: The perspectives of sex, gender and personalised medicine.
Personalized medicine represents a novel and integrative approach that focuses on an individual's genetics and epigenetics, precision medicine, lifestyle and exposures as key players of health status and disease phenotypes. ⋯ Sex and gender play a pivotal role in precision medicine because the influence the physiology of each individual and the way they interact with environment from intrauterine life.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Apr 2024
ReviewNovel cutting edge nano-strategies to address old long-standing complications in cardiovascular diseases. A comprehensive review.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) impact a substantial portion of the global population and represent a significant threat to experiencing life-threatening outcomes, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure. Despite remarkable progress in pharmacology and medical interventions, CVD persists as a major public health concern, and now ranks as the primary global cause of death and the highest consumer of global budgets. Ongoing research endeavours persist in seeking novel therapeutic avenues and interventions to deepen our understanding of CVD, enhance prevention measures, and refine treatment strategies. ⋯ Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in targeted nanoparticle approaches for diagnosing CVDs, encompassing molecular imaging techniques, underscoring the significant progress in theranostic, as a novel and promising therapeutic strategy.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Apr 2024
ReviewIncreasing the complexity of lipoprotein characterization for cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes.
The burden of cardiovascular disease is particularly high among individuals with diabetes, even when LDL cholesterol is normal or within the therapeutic target. Despite this, cholesterol accumulates in their arteries, in part, due to persistent atherogenic dyslipidaemia characterized by elevated triglycerides, remnant cholesterol, smaller LDL particles and reduced HDL cholesterol. ⋯ This document highlights the importance of incorporating these three layers of lipoprotein-related information into population-based studies on ASCVD in T2DM. Such an attempt should inevitably run in parallel with biotechnological solutions that allow large-scale determination of these sets of methodologically diverse parameters.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Apr 2024
ReviewSingle versus dual antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous left atrial appendage closure-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
In the last few years, percutaneous LAA occlusion (LAAO) has become a plausible alternative in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with contraindications to anticoagulation therapy. Nevertheless, the optimal antiplatelet strategy following percutaneous LAAO remains to be defined. ⋯ Among AF patients at high bleeding risk undergoing percutaneous LAAO, a post-procedural minimalistic antiplatelet strategy with SAPT did not significantly differ from DAPT regimens regarding the rate of stroke, DRT and major bleeding.
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The adult mammalian heart contains a large population of pericytes that play important roles in homeostasis and disease. In the normal heart, pericytes regulate microvascular permeability and flow. Myocardial diseases are associated with marked alterations in pericyte phenotype and function. ⋯ Pericytes may also be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure, by regulating inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and myocardial perfusion. Pericytes are also important targets of viral infections (such as SARS-CoV2) and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac complications of COVID19. Considering their role in myocardial inflammation, fibrosis and angiogenesis, pericytes may be promising therapeutic targets in myocardial disease.