Lancet
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of eltrombopag on platelet counts and bleeding during treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Eltrombopag is an oral, non-peptide, thrombopoietin-receptor agonist that stimulates thrombopoiesis, leading to increased platelet production. This study assessed the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once daily eltrombopag 50 mg, and explored the efficacy of a dose increase to 75 mg. ⋯ Eltrombopag is an effective treatment for managment of thrombocytopenia in chronic ITP.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effects of 1-H-indole-3-glyoxamide (A-002) on concentration of secretory phospholipase A2 (PLASMA study): a phase II double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
Secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) enzymes, produced and secreted in human blood vessels and hepatocytes, contribute to the development of atherosclerosis through mechanisms that are both dependent and independent of lipoprotein. We examined the effects of an sPLA(2) inhibitor on enzyme concentration and on plasma lipoproteins and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with coronary heart disease. ⋯ The reductions in sPLA(2)-IIA concentration suggest that A-002 might be an effective anti-atherosclerotic agent.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Ustekinumab, a human interleukin 12/23 monoclonal antibody, for psoriatic arthritis: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.
Since some patients with psoriatic arthritis do not respond to typical drug treatments, alternatives are needed. Findings suggest that interleukins 12 and 23 might affect clinical symptoms and pathological joint changes of psoriatic arthritis. Ustekinumab is a human monoclonal antibody that inhibits receptor-binding of these cytokines. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab for psoriatic arthritis in this phase II study. ⋯ Ustekinumab significantly reduced signs and symptoms of psoriatic arthritis and diminished skin lesions compared with placebo, and the drug was well tolerated. Larger and longer term studies are needed to further characterise ustekinumab efficacy and safety for treatment of psoriatic arthritis.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Mechanical supports for acute, severe ankle sprain: a pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.
Severe ankle sprains are a common presentation in emergency departments in the UK. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of three different mechanical supports (Aircast brace, Bledsoe boot, or 10-day below-knee cast) compared with that of a double-layer tubular compression bandage in promoting recovery after severe ankle sprains. ⋯ National Co-ordinating Centre for Health Technology Assessment.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Pre-referral rectal artesunate to prevent death and disability in severe malaria: a placebo-controlled trial.
Most malaria deaths occur in rural areas. Rapid progression from illness to death can be interrupted by prompt, effective medication. Antimalarial treatment cannot rescue terminally ill patients but could be effective if given earlier. If patients who cannot be treated orally are several hours from facilities for injections, rectal artesunate can be given before referral and acts rapidly on parasites. We investigated whether this intervention reduced mortality and permanent disability. ⋯ UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR); WHO Global Malaria Programme (WHO/GMP); Sall Family Foundation; the European Union (QLRT-2000-01430); the UK Medical Research Council; USAID; Irish Aid; the Karolinska Institute; and the University of Oxford Clinical Trial Service Unit (CTSU).