Medicine
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Observational Study
Development of Alzheimer disease in old major depressive patients based upon their health status: A retrospective study in Taiwan.
This study is conducted to investigate the association between major depressive disorder and the subsequent development of Alzheimer disease (AD) in elderly patients with different health statuses using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). A retrospective cohort study was performed on subjects over 65 years old from 2002 to 2006 using a random sampling from the 1 million beneficiaries enrolled in the NHI. Patients who were diagnosed with major depressive disorder were selected as the case group. ⋯ Results of the generalized estimating equation model found that patients with depression (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.898; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.451-2.438), very severe health status (HR = 1.630; 95% CI = 1.220-2.177), or artery diseases (HR = 1.692; 95% CI = 1.108-2.584) were at a higher risk of developing AD than other groups. The association between major depressive disorder and the later development of AD varied depending on the health statuses of elderly patients. Clinicians should exercise caution when diagnosing and treating underlying diseases in elderly depressed patients, and then attempt to improve their health status to reduce the incidence rate of subsequent AD development.
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Meta Analysis
Efficacy of dexmedetomidine for treatment of patients with sepsis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on prognosis in patients with sepsis. ⋯ In patients with sepsis, dexmedetomidine can reduce the short-term mortality of patients, but could not shorten the ICU length of stay and mechanical ventilation time. More clinical randomized controlled trials are needed to verify the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine on the length of hospital stay and mechanical ventilation time.
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Psychological stress is a ubiquitous subjectively negative emotional experience, but excessive psychological stress has adverse effects on the happiness in our lives and physical and mental health, and may cause many health problems. Studies have found that probiotics have a certain role in alleviating negative emotions, reducing abnormal behaviors, improving cognitive function, and also showing the great potential of probiotics in relieving psychological stress. At present, many clinical trials have been carried out to intervene in populations with psychological stress with probiotic supplements, but there still lack of targeted systematic review and meta-analysis. ⋯ PROSPERO CRD42019122930.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Is biportal technique/endoscopic spinal surgery satisfactory for lumbar spinal stenosis patients?: A prospective randomized comparative study.
Lumbar decompressive surgery is a standard surgical technique for lumbar spinal stenosis. Many new surgical techniques have been introduced, ranging from open surgery to minimally invasive procedures. Minimally invasive surgical techniques are preferred because patients experience less postoperative pain and shorter hospital stays. However, the success rate of minimally invasive techniques have been controversial. The object of this study was to assess the feasibility of spinal decompression using biportal technique/endoscopic surgery compared with microscopic surgery. ⋯ Lumbar decompressive surgery using biportal technique/endoscopy showed favorable clinical outcomes, less pain and a shorter hospital stay compared to microscopic surgery in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis.
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Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (HDP), including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia (PE), and chronic hypertension, affect approximately 10% of pregnancies worldwide. PE was associated with elevated blood pressure (BP) in the offspring confirmed by previous literature. No previous systematic review has investigated the associations between the subtypes of HDP and BP in offspring. Therefore, from the published literature, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to reach to a clear consensus on this topic. ⋯ Supporting data can be found at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) website, with registration number CRD 42018110872.