Medicine
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Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is an important stage of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer, and also a key period of drug intervention. However, there is still a lack of drugs to maintain the treatment of CAG until the advent of moluodan. ⋯ Moluodan can improve the effective rates of pathological examination, gastroscopy and symptoms in patients with CAG, and play a role in slowing down the disease progression and reducing clinical symptoms. It may be a potential drug for the treatment of CAG and has the value of further exploration.
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Progranulin (PGRN), endothelial cell-specific molecule-1, clusterin (CLU), and human epididymis protein 4 (HE-4) are novel proteins reported to have diagnostic and prognostic potential in lung cancer. Here, we aimed to identify the markers with high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing malignant pleural fluids from other pleural fluids. ⋯ HE-4 having high sensitivity and specificity can be a potential diagnostic marker in distinguishing between malignant and benign effusions, and these findings can constitute a basis for future research.
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Glycogen storage disease (GSD) is a glycogen metabolism disorder caused by congenital enzyme defects, with type I being the most common. Owing to the rarity of glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD Ia) and the involvement of diverse systems, patients are prone to delayed diagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Additional studies are required to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of GSD Ia. ⋯ GSD should be considered in childhood patients with hypoglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperlactatemia. Gene sequencing can enable quick identification of GSD subtypes. This case report highlights the common clinical manifestations can be linked to rare diseases. Clinical work requires careful observation of the correlations between patient history, physical examinations, and laboratory examinations.
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Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease involving multiple systems, which is divided into sporadic LAM (S-LAM) and tuberous sclerosis complex-LAM, mostly affecting women who are in childbearing age stage. Data on male patients are limited and scattered. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a systematic review to investigate the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of LAM in male. ⋯ Physicians should increase the awareness of LAM in male. Early monitoring of various systems should be recommended to ensure early management and active follow-up. Tuberous sclerosis complex patients should immediately be tracked for the onset of LAM disease to improve prognosis.
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Diabetes mellitus patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (DMTB) comorbidity has been recognized as a major obstacle towards achieving the World Health Organization goal of reducing the tuberculosis incidence rate by 90% in 2035. Host immune responses affected by diabetes can lead to increased susceptibility, severity and poor treatment outcomes in DMTB patients, and the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to identify key immunological and cellular components that contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in DMTB cases. ⋯ The DMTB comorbidity is associated with an altered transcriptome and changes in various biological pathways. Our study provides new insights on the pathological mechanism that may aid the development of host-directed therapies for this increasingly prevalent disease in high TB burden countries.