Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effectiveness of low-intensity atorvastatin 5 mg and ezetimibe 10 mg combination therapy compared with moderate-intensity atorvastatin 10 mg monotherapy: A randomized, double-blinded, multi-center, phase III study.
We compared the efficacy and safety of low-intensity atorvastatin and ezetimibe combination therapy with moderate-intensity atorvastatin monotherapy in patients requiring cholesterol-lowering therapy. ⋯ The addition of ezetimibe to low-intensity atorvastatin had a greater effect on lowering LDL cholesterol than moderate-intensity atorvastatin alone, offering an effective treatment option for cholesterol management, especially in patients with low and intermediate risks.
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Tranexamic acid (TXA) and epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) have been demonstrated to reduce blood loss following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TXA and EACA in reducing blood loss in primary TKA patients. ⋯ Our research did not demonstrate TXA to be superior to EACA in reducing need for transfusion and Hb drop. TXA was superior than EACA in reducing TBL in TKA patients. More RCTs with identical inclusion criteria and dose and duration of treatment, are required to confirm these findings.
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Erythrocyte antigens, particularly those which give rise to different blood group systems, are potentially known to perform as receptor sites for different types of disease-causing agents. It is for this reason that this study was carried out to determine the distribution of different blood groups and how susceptible they are to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. For this study, data were retrieved from different blood bank registers at 4 major blood banks in Ekiti State (National Blood Transfusion Services, Ado, State Specialist Hospital, Ikole, State Specialist Hospital, Ijero, State Specialist Hospital, Ikere. ⋯ The total sero-prevalence of HIV infection was 0.81%. However, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of HIV among the different ABO and Rhesus blood types. This study revealed no association between ABO and Rhesus blood groups and HIV infection.
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Subchorionic hemorrhage (SCH) or hematoma is one of the abnormal ultrasonic manifestations. At present, there are few studies on the pathogenesis of SCH, and its underlying mechanism is still unclear. It may be related to abnormal placenta formation and implantation, autoimmune dysfunction, and coagulation dysfunction. ⋯ The occurrence of SCH may be related to maternal immune abnormalities. SCH may increase the risk of premature rupture of membranes and abortion. However, there is no correlation between the presence or absence of SCH and neonatal outcomes.
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Review Case Reports
Treatment of congenital pulmonary airway malformation with rare high cystic volume ratio: A case report and literature review.
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a rare congenital dysplastic malformation and accounts for 25% of congenital lung lesions. Commonly, it is diagnosed prenatally in ultrasound. The CPAM volume ratio (CVR) is a well-recognized predictor of fetal prognosis, and when the CVR is >1.6 cm2, the fetus is very likely to develop hydrops and even intrauterine deaths. However, the association of CVR with a wide range of complications and neonatal prognosis is unclear. ⋯ During pregnancy, in addition to monitoring CVR, a multidisciplinary team should join in the management of CPAM patients. And as for the fetus with increased CVR, a closely monitoring after birth is necessary even if the general condition of the pregnancy is well. In particular, timely intervention should be made at the onset of respiratory symptoms.