Medicine
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To detect the expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) and aristaless-like homeobox 1 (ALX1) in non-small cell lung cancer and analyze the relationship between CT spectral quantitative parameters and immunohistochemical markers, in order to evaluate the biological characteristics of lung cancer by spectral CT. Spectral CT data and paraffin masses of 50 adult patients with lung cancer were collected. CT quantitative parameters including the slope of spectral curve, effective atomic number and iodine concentration in enhanced phases were acquired. ⋯ There was a positive correlation between each CT spectral parameter and the expression level of immunohistochemical markers. CT spectral quantitative parameters are significantly different among expression levels of immunohistochemical markers. The positive correlation between CT quantitative parameter and expression level of immunohistochemical markers suggests CT spectral imaging could predict biological characteristics of tumors.
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Observational Study
Evaluating a specialized workshop on otorhinolaryngology emergencies for junior doctors: Empowering the next generation of healers.
Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) emergencies, including airway obstructions, epistaxis, and foreign body removal, require prompt and specialized medical intervention. Junior doctors, particularly those in the early stages of their careers, often face challenges in managing these conditions due to limited exposure to ORL-specific training during their internships. While general medical education provides foundational skills, it may not sufficiently prepare junior doctors to handle the complexities of ORL emergencies. ⋯ The improvement in scores was statistically significant (P < .0001), indicating that the workshop was effective in enhancing participants' knowledge of ORL emergencies. The workshop significantly improved junior doctors' knowledge of ORL emergencies, addressing important gaps in their training. By providing specialized education to a diverse group of early-career doctors, the initiative enhanced their preparedness to manage urgent ORL conditions, ultimately contributing to better patient care and safety in emergency settings.
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Observational Study
Assessment of frontal QRS-T angle in distinguishing mild and severe acute pancreatitis in emergency department: A retrospective study.
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease that poses significant health risks with potential severe outcomes. Identifying markers for severity can aid in early intervention and improve prognoses. This study, conducted in the emergency department, investigates the QRS-T angle as a potential indicator of severity in patients with acute pancreatitis. ⋯ Additionally, severe pancreatitis group showed higher QRS-T angle (P < .001), higher rates of abnormal QRS angles (31.8% vs 10.1%, P = .002), and QRS-T angles (31.8% vs 8.1%, P < .001). The QRS-T angle may serve as a valuable clinical tool for differentiating between mild and severe forms of acute pancreatitis. This could potentially help clinicians in stratifying patients according to their risk and tailoring their management accordingly.
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Observational Study
Ruptured middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms with concomitant intracerebral hematoma: Clinical and morphological risk factors.
The prognosis for intracerebral hematoma (ICH) following the rupture of a middle cerebral artery bifurcation (Mbif) aneurysm is poor. We compared patients with isolated diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (without ICH) following Mbif aneurysm rupture to those with both SAH and ICH to evaluate clinical and morphological risk factors for ICH. A retrospective study was conducted on 112 patients with ruptured Mbif aneurysms treated between July 2016 and December 2021. ⋯ Morphological analysis revealed that the decrease in M1 diameter and α angle, along with an increase in aneurysm size and neck, were significantly different in the ICH group (P = .025, P = .012, P = .009, and P = .005, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that a cutoff value of α = 125° had the highest diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve = 0.71), with a sensitivity of 86.26% and specificity of 68.7%. The formation of ICH following the rupture of Mbif aneurysms is associated with specific morphological parameters.
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Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a primary cause of low back pain and disability. Cellular senescence and apoptosis due to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) are key in IDD pathology. Identifying biomarkers linked to ERS in IDD is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. ⋯ GSEA indicated that KCNQ1 influences IDD primarily through the Notch signaling pathway and by regulating macrophage and monocyte infiltration. KCNQ1, identified as an ERS-associated biomarker in IDD, impacts the Notch signaling pathway and immune cell infiltration, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for IDD. Further validation through prospective studies and additional experimental methods is necessary to elucidate the role of KCNQ1 in IDD comprehensively.