Medicine
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Review Case Reports
Amoxicillin-associated hemorrhagic colitis: A case report and literature review.
Antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis (AAHC) is a special type of antibiotic-associated colitis. Due to the increased use of antibiotics, especially amoxicillin, which is commonly used in clinical practice, the incidence of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis has also increased. However, doctors have insufficient understanding of this disease, and patients may be missed or misdiagnosed. ⋯ Through this case report, doctors should increase their understanding of the disease, especially for patients with sudden abdominal pain accompanied by bloody stools as the main complaint, it is significant to attend to inquiries about the history of antibiotic use, such as amoxicillin, and pay attention to the discovery of acid-producing Klebsiella in the fecal microbiota.
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Review Case Reports
Clinical and genetic characteristics of a case of Koolen-De Vries syndrome caused by KANSL1 gene mutation and literature review: A case report.
Koolen-De Vries syndrome (KdVS, OMIM: 612452), also known as 17q21.31 microdeletion syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. In the study, we analyze of clinical phenotype and gene variation of a child with Koolen-De Vries syndrome, review the literature to improve the understanding of the disease. ⋯ According to literature review, KdVS is a multi-organ disease characterized by feeding difficulties, seizures, characteristic facial features, dysplasia of the respiratory system and cardiac abnormalities. In this study, laryngeal malacia accounted for 23.2% of the clinical manifestations of KdVS patients, limb convulsions/seizures accounted for 62.5%, and cardiac development defects accounted for 23.5%. The disease was rare in China and had a variety of clinical manifestations. The summary of reported cases can enable doctors to have more understanding of the disease. The new mutations enrich the KANSL1 gene mutation spectrum.
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Review Case Reports
A case of disseminated nocardia infection with initial symptoms manifesting as cognitive impairment: Case report and literature review.
Nocardia infections, although rare, pose significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment, especially when involving the central nervous system (CNS). Mortality rates in such cases can be high, highlighting the need for early recognition and tailored antimicrobial therapy. ⋯ This case underscores the difficulty of diagnosing Nocardia infections, particularly when they involve the CNS. The use of advanced diagnostic tools such as NGS, along with early and appropriate antimicrobial therapy, is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Financial and healthcare access challenges may impact the success of treatment, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive follow-up and patient support.
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Since 2007, the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab, comprising an immune checkpoint inhibitor and a molecularly targeted agent, has become the first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Predicting prognosis prior to systemic chemotherapy remains a critical concern. This study included 84 advanced HCC patients who underwent enhanced computed tomography (CT) and Gd-EOB-DTPA magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before the systemic therapy were included. ⋯ Prognostic factors associated with progression-free survival were identified using statistical analysis. RER on HBP MRI correlated with prognosis in systemic chemotherapy. Conversely, other image features on HBP MRI and CT histogram provided consistent treatment effect.
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Observational Study
Influence of sarcopenia as determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis in acute pancreatitis.
Sarcopenia can be defined as the loss of muscle mass and strength. It is a poor prognostic factor for many diseases. Our study aims to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with acute pancreatitis using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and hand dynamometry while also investigating its impact on acute pancreatitis. ⋯ In the sarcopenic group, the mean age, Glasgow-Imrie score and number of cases with severe acute pancreatitis according to the Atlanta classification were significantly higher; body mass index, upper arm circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, and grip strength were significantly lower (P < .05). This study is the first to evaluate sarcopenia in acute pancreatitis cases using BIA and hand dynamometry. Sarcopenia may play a significant role in predicting the prognosis of acute pancreatitis.