Medicine
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypothyroidism are prevalent chronic conditions with a generally believed correlation between them. However, large-scale population studies and investigations into causation are lacking. This study analyzed CKD and thyroid function data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database spanning 2007 to 2012 using multiple regression analyses to examine the correlation between CKD and hypothyroidism. ⋯ Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypothyroidism are prevalent chronic conditions with a generally believed correlation between them. There is no large-scale population studies and the causation relationship between CKD and hypothyroidism are lacking. The finding of the causal relationship between CKD and hypothyroidism may be beneficial to the prevention of the disease and the prognosis of the patients.
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Previous studies have highlighted the correlation between inflammatory responses and vestibular neuritis (VN). The aim of Mendelian randomization was to assess the causal associations between 91 inflammatory proteins and vestibular neuritis comprehensively. By leveraging publicly accessible genetic datasets, we probed whether 91 inflammatory proteins serve as upstream determinants of vestibular neuritis. ⋯ Conversely, an increase in the level of the T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 is correlated with an increased risk of VN (IVW: OR = 1.3969, 95% CI = 1.0095-1.9331, P = .0437). This study suggested that eotaxin, monocyte chemotactic protein-2, and the T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of VN. The potential use of these inflammatory proteins for diagnosing VN or as therapeutic targets has significant clinical implications.
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Although observational studies have revealed a link between frailty and serum micronutrient levels, it remains unclear whether these 2 states are directly connected. Thus, Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to investigate the causal relationship between frailty and blood micronutrient levels. Summary-level data for 15 blood micronutrients (copper, selenium, zinc, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, folate, carotene, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E) were obtained from people of European ancestry from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit. ⋯ The reverse IVW analysis revealed no significant correlation between micronutrient levels and frailty indices. The study revealed causal links between vitamin D and the risk of frailty. Notably, our findings highlight the necessity of adjuvant vitamin D in frailty management.
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Observational Study
Early pulmonary rehabilitation in ARDS patients: Effects on respiratory function and long-term outcomes: A retrospective study.
This retrospective cohort study, conducted at People's Hospital of Wenjiang Chengdu (January 2018 to January 2022), aimed to evaluate the effects of early pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on respiratory function in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients after discontinuing invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Patients were divided into PR and control groups based on an offline training protocol. Outcome measures included short physical performance battery scores, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function indicators at discharge and 3 months post-discharge, including peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity, and vital capacity. ⋯ The number of sputum aspirations in the PR group significantly decreased (P < .05), and intensive care unit stays after weaning were significantly shorter (P < .05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the cumulative survival rate at 6 months post-discharge was significantly higher in the PR group compared to the control group (hazard ratio = 0.660, 95% CI: 0.472-0.922, P = .014). These findings suggest that early PR significantly enhances respiratory function recovery, reduces complications, and improves survival outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients after invasive ventilation.
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Dyslipidemia has been established as a potential risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in several observational studies. Statins and novel lipid-modifying agents are being explored for their potential in VTE prevention, encompassing deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Nonetheless, conclusive evidence supporting the effectiveness remains uncertain. ⋯ Additionally, the inhibition of APOC3 was linked to a higher DVT risk (OR: 1.002, 95% CI: 1.000-1.004, P = .038). Research has shown that HMGCR, out of 8 lipid-lowering drug-targets evaluated, exhibited a significant correlation with VTE and LEDVT, highlighting its potential as an effective target for the treatment or prevention of these conditions. In contrast, APOB, LPL, and APOC3 each contribute to an increased risk of VTE, PE, and LEDVT in various degrees, pharmacovigilance for VTE, PE, and LEDVT risk among users of APOB inhibitors, LPL activation, and APOC3 inhibitors may be warranted.