JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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To provide data on the sale of single cigarettes to adults and minors and to examine the sociocultural context in which these sales occur. ⋯ The illegal sale of single cigarettes involves complex sociocultural factors heretofore unexamined. An understanding of such factors may be useful in planning merchant education programs and drafting policy to control illegal sales.
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Smoking initiation by adolescent girls, 1944 through 1988. An association with targeted advertising.
To identify trends in smoking initiation among persons aged 10 to 20 years that might reflect the impact of specific targeting of tobacco advertising to women. ⋯ The tobacco advertising campaigns targeting women, which were launched in 1967, were associated with a major increase in smoking uptake that was specific to females younger than the legal age for purchasing cigarettes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Predicting smoking cessation. Who will quit with and without the nicotine patch.
To identify predictors of smoking cessation success or failure with and without transdermal nicotine patch treatment. ⋯ Smoking status (abstinent or smoking) during the first 2 weeks of nicotine patch therapy, particularly week 2, was highly correlated with clinical outcome and can serve as a powerful predictor of smoking cessation. Early smoking behavior also predicted outcome among placebo patch users. Traditional measures of dependence are not consistently predictive of cessation success. Clinicians are advised to emphasize the importance of total abstinence after a quit attempt and to follow-up with patients within the first 2 weeks of quitting; smoking during this critical time should be assessed and treatment may be altered as appropriate.