JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Information leaflet and antibiotic prescribing strategies for acute lower respiratory tract infection: a randomized controlled trial.
Acute lower respiratory tract infection is the most common condition treated in primary care. Many physicians still prescribe antibiotics; however, systematic reviews of the use of antibiotics are small and have diverse conclusions. ⋯ No offer or a delayed offer of antibiotics for acute uncomplicated lower respiratory tract infection is acceptable, associated with little difference in symptom resolution, and is likely to considerably reduce antibiotic use and beliefs in the effectiveness of antibiotics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of routine isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis incidence among HIV-infected men in South Africa: a novel randomized incremental recruitment study.
Tuberculosis preventive therapy reduces tuberculosis incidence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals in clinical trials, but implementation has been limited and there are no data on effectiveness under routine conditions. ⋯ Enrollment in a clinic offering primary isoniazid preventive therapy to HIV-infected adults reduced tuberculosis incidence by 38% overall and by 46% among individuals with no history of tuberculosis prior to the study. Tuberculosis incidence remained high despite isoniazid preventive therapy, and further work is needed to determine how to use additional interventions most effectively to reduce morbidity and mortality due to tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Treatment of complicated grief: a randomized controlled trial.
Complicated grief is a debilitating disorder associated with important negative health consequences, but the results of existing treatments for it have been disappointing. ⋯ Complicated grief treatment is an improved treatment over interpersonal psychotherapy, showing higher response rates and faster time to response.