British journal of clinical pharmacology
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Apr 1999
Estimation of the initial distribution volume of glucose by an incremental plasma glucose level at 3 min after i.v. glucose in humans.
The initial distribution volume of glucose (IDVG) could be a clinically useful indicator of the central extracellular fluid (ECF) space volume, namely the interstitial fluid volume status of highly perfused organs. In this study, we determined the formula of IDVG using incremental plasma glucose levels after i.v. glucose. ⋯ Using an incremental glucose level at 3 min after i.v. glucose, we have established the reliable formula for determination of the IDVG which could be a clinically useful indicator of the central ECF volume.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Mar 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPharmacokinetic profile of alniditan nasal spray during and outside migraine attacks.
To compare the pharmacokinetic profile of intranasal alniditan during and outside migraine attacks, and to investigate the relationship between initial rise of alniditan plasma concentration, and headache improvement. ⋯ Absorption of alniditan nasal spray was not affected by migraine attacks, although 95% confidence intervals were wide. Early rise of plasma concentrations and the amount of drug in the circulation were related to headache improvement in the higher dose group.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Sep 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of the cardiovascular effects of levobupivacaine and rac-bupivacaine following intravenous administration to healthy volunteers.
The aim of this study was to compare the cardiovascular effects of levobupivacaine with those of rac-bupivacaine following i.v. administration to 14 healthy male volunteers. ⋯ In conclusion, this study has shown that following i.v. administration levobupivacaine produces significantly less effects on cardiovascular function than does rac-bupivacaine. In particular the negative inotropic effect for levobupivacaine was less than that for rac-bupivacaine as indicated by changes in stroke index, acceleration index and ejection fraction.
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The purpose of this study was to describe the population pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in patients with cancer, to identify possible relationships between clinical covariates and population pharmacokinetic parameter estimates and to examine the relevance of existing dosage nomograms in light of the population model developed in these patients. ⋯ In the context of published nomograms this analysis indicated that both the traditional approach and the new, 'once daily' approach should achieve satisfactory concentrations in cancer patients although serum concentration monitoring is required to confirm optimal dosing in individual patients.