Pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Gabapentin in neuropathic pain syndromes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled 8-week study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain, using doses up to 2400 mg/day. The study used a novel design that was symptom- rather than syndrome-based; an approach that aimed to reflect the realities of clinical practice. Participants had a wide range of neuropathic pain syndromes, with at least two of the following symptoms: allodynia, burning pain, shooting pain, or hyperalgesia. ⋯ Gabapentin was well tolerated and the majority of patients completed the study (79 versus 73% for placebo). The most common adverse events were mild to moderate dizziness and somnolence, most of which were transient and occurred during the titration phase. This study shows that gabapentin reduces pain and improves some quality-of-life measures in patients with a wide range of neuropathic pain syndromes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Randomized controlled trial of botulinum toxin A for chronic myogenous orofacial pain.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) was efficacious for the treatment of chronic moderate to severe jaw muscle pain in females. This was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of BTX-A. Twenty five units injected into each temporalis muscle and 50 U injected into each masseter muscle using three sites per muscle with 0.2 cm(3) per site. ⋯ Statistical significance was achieved for maximum opening without pain (P=0.02) and irrespective of pain (P=0.005) with the BTX-A arm having a relative decreased opening. No statistically significant difference was observed in any outcome measures except maximum opening, which showed BTX-A patient opening less wide than placebo. The results do not support the use of BTX-A in the treatment of moderate to severe jaw muscle pain in this patient population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Does acupuncture improve the orthopedic management of chronic low back pain--a randomized, blinded, controlled trial with 3 months follow up.
This prospective, randomised controlled trial, with three parallel groups, patient and observer blinded for verum and sham acupuncture and a follow up of 3 months raises the question: "Does a combination of acupuncture and conservative orthopedic treatment improve conservative orthopedic treatment in chronic low back pain (LBP). 186 in-patients of a LBP rehabilitation center with a history of LBP >or=6 weeks, VAS >or=50mm, and no pending compensation claims, were selected; for the three random group 4 weeks of treatment was applied. 174 patients met the protocol criteria and reported after treatment, 124 reported after 3 months follow up. Patients were assorted 4 strata: chronic LBP,
or=5 years. Analysis was by intention to treat. ⋯ The results after 3 months are: Verum+COT 77% (95%ci 62-88%), Sham+COT 29% (95%ci 16-46%), nil+Cot 14% (95%ci 4-30%) - effects are significant for Verum+COT over Sham+COT (P -
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effect of high and low frequency electroacupuncture in pain after lower abdominal surgery.
In the present study, we examined the effects of preoperative electroacupuncture (EA) at classical bilateral acupuncture points (Zusanli, also known as ST-36) on postoperative pain and opioid-related side effects. One hundred healthy consenting women undergoing lower abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to four treatment regimens: Group I (n=25), control; Group II (n=25), sham-EA (needle insertion without electrical stimulation); Group III (n=25), low-EA (2 Hz of electrical stimulation); and Group IV (n=25), high-EA (100 Hz of electrical stimulation). EA groups received needle insertion with or without electrical stimulation 20 min prior to anesthesia. ⋯ The incidence of nausea and dizziness during the first 24h after surgery was significantly reduced in both the low-EA and high-EA groups compared with the control and sham-EA groups. We also found that sham-EA exerts a beneficial effect with respect to its pain relieving quality but not the side effect profiles. Our findings demonstrates that preoperative treatment with low-EA and high-EA can reduce postoperative analgesic requirements and associated side effects in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery.