Drug and alcohol dependence
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Apr 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of subjective, psychomotor and physiological effects of a novel muscarinic analgesic, LY297802 tartrate, and oral morphine in occasional drug users.
This study compared the subjective, physiological and psychomotor effects of a novel muscarinic analgesic (LY297802) and oral morphine in healthy volunteers. Nine, non-dependent, occasional drug users participated in nine experimental sessions in which they received the following conditions: placebo, 0.1, 0.3, 0.56 and 1 mg of oral LY297802 and 10, 30, 56 and 100 mg of oral morphine. Subjective drug effects were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI) and subjective and objective agonist and antagonist scales of the Adjective Rating Scale (ARS). ⋯ Morphine produced significant dose-dependent effects in DSST performance, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and pupil diameter. LY297802 significantly and dose dependently increased heart rate, mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure. These results suggest that LY297802 does not induce subjective effects similar to morphine, but that it has some significant physiological effects.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Mar 1998
Effects of tizanidine administration on precipitated opioid withdrawal signs in rats.
An opioid withdrawal syndrome was precipitated by naloxone administration in rats treated with morphine. The withdrawal caused alteration of several physiological signs. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the altered physiological profiles were modified by utilising tizanidine, an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist which is capable of affecting faecal and urinary excretion, rectal temperature, pain threshold levels and salivation. ⋯ Body temperature levels and nociceptive threshold values were also modified. The effects caused by tizanidine administration may be due to its alpha 2 receptor agonist activity interfering with a mechanism involved in the regulation of these previously mentioned withdrawal symptoms. Thus, the use of this drug may be indicated as a possible control of the acute phase of opioid withdrawal in heroin addicts.