Drug and alcohol dependence
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Apr 2021
Perceived social support in patients with chronic pain with and without opioid use disorder and role of medication for opioid use disorder.
A significant predictor of treatment outcomes for patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) and opioid use disorder (OUD) is the degree and quality of social support they receive. Specifically, in patients with CNCP and on long-term opioid therapy, the development of OUD tends to be associated with losses in social support, while engagement in treatment for OUD improves support networks. Delivery of the evidence-based OUD treatment medications, methadone and buprenorphine, occurs in clinical environments which patently differ with respect to social support resources. The aims of this study were to describe perceived social support in patients with CNCP without OUD (no-OUD), with OUD and on buprenorphine (OUD-BP), and with OUD and on methadone (OUD-methadone). ⋯ Patients with CNCP and OUD on methadone therapy endorse levels of social support comparable to those without OUD, however those on buprenorphine therapy report significantly less support, bringing implications for OUD treatment outcomes.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Apr 2021
Development and examination of the attribution questionnaire-substance use disorder (AQ-SUD) to measure public stigma towards adolescents experiencing substance use disorders.
Public stigma may significantly impact adolescents with substance use disorders (SUDs), leading to limited treatment accessibility and utilization. However, few measures have been validated to assess public SUD stigma towards adolescents. In this study we developed the Attribution Questionnaire-Substance Use Disorder (AQ-SUD) by modifying the Attribution Questionnaire, a commonly used measure of public mental illness stigma. We examined 1) the psychometric properties of the AQ-SUD with supporting data from other stigma scales and 2) preliminary data on adults' perceptions of public stigma toward adolescents with SUDs. ⋯ This study is the first to modify and validate a measure designed to assess perceptions of public SUD stigma towards adolescents, the AQ-SUD. Preliminary analyses suggest that adults view adolescent marijuana use disorders as less severe compared to other SUDs, which may have implications for adults' motivation to support youth in seeking treatment.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Mar 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialWithin-subject evaluation of interim buprenorphine treatment during waitlist delays.
The effectiveness of opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) is well established, and delays to treatment are still common, particularly in rural geographic areas. In a randomized 12-week pilot study, we demonstrated initial efficacy of a technology-assisted Interim Buprenorphine Treatment (IBT) vs. continued waitlist control (WLC) for reducing illicit opioid use and other risk behaviors during waitlist delays. Upon completion of that parent trial, WLC participants were given the opportunity to receive 12 weeks of IBT, permitting an additional within-subject examination of IBT effects. ⋯ This within-subject evaluation provides additional support for interim buprenorphine's efficacy in reducing illicit opioid use and improving health outcomes during waitlist delays for more comprehensive treatment.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Mar 2021
Determinants of interest in extended-released buprenorphine: A survey among 366 French patients treated with buprenorphine or methadone.
To explore the factors determining the interest in extended-release buprenorphine (XR-BUP) injections among patients receiving opioid agonist treatment (OAT) in France. ⋯ In France, where the access to OAT is relatively unrestricted, the majority of participants were interested in XR-BUP formulations. Being interested was associated with treatment objectives focused on abstinence and recovery, and with experiencing constraints in taking a daily oral OAT.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Feb 2021
Comparing actual and forecasted numbers of unique patients dispensed select medications for opioid use disorder, opioid overdose reversal, and mental health, during the COVID-19 pandemic, United States, January 2019 to May 2020.
COVID-19 community mitigation measures (e.g., stay-at-home orders) may worsen mental health and substance use-related harms such as opioid use disorder and overdose and limit access to medications for these conditions. We used nationally-representative data to assess dispensing of select substance use and mental health medications during the pandemic in the U.S. ⋯ Ongoing concerns about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on substance use and mental health underscore the need for innovative strategies to facilitate continued access to treatment.