The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Apr 2016
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyCeftaroline fosamil versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: individual patient data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We conducted a meta-analysis of clinical trials of adults hospitalized with pneumonia outcomes research team (PORT) risk class 3-4 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) receiving ceftaroline fosamil versus ceftriaxone. ⋯ Ceftaroline fosamil was superior to ceftriaxone for empirical treatment of adults hospitalized with CAP. Receipt of prior antimicrobial therapy appeared to diminish the observed treatment effect.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Mar 2016
What is the effect of obesity on piperacillin and meropenem trough concentrations in critically ill patients?
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of obesity on unbound trough concentrations and on the achievement of pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) targets of piperacillin and meropenem in critically ill patients. ⋯ This large dataset has shown that the presence of obesity in critically ill patients may affect piperacillin, but not meropenem, unbound trough concentrations.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Feb 2016
Staphylococcus aureus develops increased resistance to antibiotics by forming dynamic small colony variants during chronic osteomyelitis.
Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis often develops to chronicity despite antimicrobial treatments that have been found to be susceptible in in vitro tests. The complex infection strategies of S. aureus, including host cell invasion and intracellular persistence via the formation of dynamic small colony variant (SCV) phenotypes, could be responsible for therapy-refractory infection courses. ⋯ In all infection models rifampicin was most effective at reducing bacterial loads. In the chronic stage, particularly in the in vivo model, many tested compounds lost activity against persisting bacteria and some antibiotics even induced SCV formation.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Jan 2016
Antibiofilm agents against MDR bacterial strains: is bioactive glass BAG-S53P4 also effective?
The treatment of bone and joint infections is challenging due to the presence of bacterial biofilm and the increasing emergence of multiresistant strains. BAG-S53P4 is a bone substitute that is characterized by osteoconductive and antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of BAG-S53P4 against biofilm produced in vitro by multiresistant bacterial strains. ⋯ BAG-S53P4 is able to reduce the biofilm produced by multiresistant S. epidermidis, A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae on titanium substrates in vitro, probably by interfering with cell viability. Owing to its osteoconductive, antibacterial and antibiofilm properties, the use of BAG-S53P4 may be a successful strategy for the treatment of bone and prosthetic joint infections.