Addictive behaviors
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Addictive behaviors · Apr 2019
Content analysis of internet marketing strategies used to promote flavored electronic cigarettes.
Flavored e-cigarette (ECIG) use and Internet marketing have increased in the U.S. This study examined the content used to promote flavored ECIG liquids on retailer websites. ⋯ Flavored ECIG liquid marketing often includes text descriptions and images that appeal to consumer sensations. Studies are needed to examine how access to point-of-sale Internet advertisements influences attitudes, perceptions, and purchasing of ECIG products, especially among at-risk populations such as youth.
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Addictive behaviors · Apr 2019
Development and psychometric validation of a novel measure of sensory expectancies associated with E-cigarette use.
E-cigarette dependence measures largely focus on e-cigarette use ("vaping") that is linked to nicotine use, and measures assessing sensory aspects of vaping that may influence use (e.g., taste) are limited in scope. Thus, we developed the novel Sensory E-cigarette Expectancies Scale (SEES). ⋯ The SEES evidenced good psychometric properties, suggesting that the measure can be used to assess sensory vaping expectancies in adults. Importantly, SEES scores indicated that sensory expectancies are related, yet distinct, from nicotine dependence. Future research should evaluate how SEEs relate to product characteristic preferences and patterns of vaping including the development and maintenance of addiction.
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Addictive behaviors · Apr 2019
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (e-cigarettes) as a smoking cessation aid: A survey among pharmacy staff in Queensland, Australia.
This study examined views of pharmacy staff regarding the safety of e-cigarettes compared to nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) and conventional cigarettes, as well as views on their regulation in Australia. ⋯ There is a need to provide evidence-based and customised education for pharmacists regarding e-cigarettes to help them guide their clients.
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Addictive behaviors · Apr 2019
Impact of messages about scientific uncertainty on risk perceptions and intentions to use electronic vaping products.
The science surrounding e-cigarettes and other electronic vaping products (EVPs) is rapidly evolving, and the health effects of vaping are unclear. Little research has explored how individuals respond to information acknowledging scientific uncertainty. The aim of the present study was to understand the impact of messages about scientific uncertainty regarding the health effects of vaping on risk perceptions and behavioral intentions. ⋯ Acknowledging scientific uncertainty made EVP use seem less risky. Future research should explore possible drivers of this response, such as deeper message processing or emotional reactions. Researchers and practitioners designing public health campaigns about vaping might consider a cautious approach to presenting information about scientific uncertainty.
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Addictive behaviors · Mar 2019
Comparative StudyExclusive versus dual use of tobacco and electronic cigarettes among adolescents in Poland, 2010-2016.
Globally, electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adolescents has increased, along with concerns about potential health implications from exclusive and concurrent tobacco and e-cigarette use (i.e., "dual use"). This study used data from a cross-sectional survey administered to 5708 students aged 15-19 in secondary and technical schools throughout two regions of Poland. Data from 2010-2011 (n = 1760); 2013-2014 (n = 1970) and 2015-2016 (n = 1978) were analyzed to assess changes in use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes from 2010-2016, and correlates of exclusive and dual use, daily use, and intensity of product use from 2013-2016. ⋯ Analyses comparing dual users to exclusive users showed significant differences in frequency and intensity of product use, similar findings were observed within dual users. Following the introduction of e-cigarettes, both total tobacco use and total cigarette use increased. Among youth in Poland, e-cigarettes do not seem to replace conventional cigarettes, but instead contribute to a more diverse array of available products from which youth can experiment.