International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Nov 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialRandomized phase III trial of radiation treatment +/- amifostine in patients with advanced-stage lung cancer.
This multicenter trial investigated whether daily pretreatment with amifostine (A) could reduce the incidence of acute and late lung toxicity and esophagitis without affecting antitumor efficacy of radiation in advanced lung cancer. ⋯ Amifostine reduces the incidence of pneumonitis, lung fibrosis, and esophagitis in radiotherapy patients with lung cancer without compromising antitumor efficacy.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Nov 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialThe effect of oral sucralfate on the acute proctitis associated with prostate radiotherapy: a double-blind, randomized trial.
Acute rectal complications occur in the majority of patients receiving external-beam radiotherapy for carcinoma of the prostate. Sucralfate has been proposed to reduce radiation-induced mucosal injury by forming a protective barrier on ulcer bases, binding local growth factors, and stimulating angiogenesis. However, there is conflicting clinical evidence as to whether sucralfate, taken prophylactically during radiotherapy, can ameliorate the symptoms of acute radiation proctitis. ⋯ This study suggests that oral sucralfate taken prophylactically during radiotherapy does not ameliorate the symptoms of acute radiation proctitis and may increase acute bleeding. The cause of the increased bleeding in the sucralfate group is unclear. As the pathogenesis of acute and late reactions are different, late follow-up, which includes sigmoidoscopic evaluation, is currently being performed on this cohort of patients.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Nov 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialNeurocognitive outcome in brain metastases patients treated with accelerated-fractionation vs. accelerated-hyperfractionated radiotherapy: an analysis from Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study 91-04.
To evaluate neurocognitive outcome as measured by the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) among patients with unresectable brain metastases randomly assigned to accelerated fractionation (AF) vs. accelerated hyperfractionated (AH) whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT). ⋯ Use of AH as compared to AF-WBRT was not associated with a significant difference in neurocognitive function as measured by MMSE in this patient population with unresectable brain metastases and limited survival. However, control of brain metastases had a significant impact on MMSE.