Neuroscience
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common central neurodegenerative disease in the world after Alzheimer's disease (AD), which mainly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, and is increasing with the aging of the population. With the increasing incidence of PD, it is particularly important to explore its pathology and provide effective interventions and treatments. The pathogenesis of PD involves a variety of factors such as genetics, environment, and age, and is not yet fully understood. ⋯ Currently, all treatments for PD are symptomatic and there is no radical cure. This paper reviews existing traditional and emerging treatments for PD to provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth study of PD pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. Meanwhile, the application of gene editing and delivery, stem cell transplantation, immunotherapy and multi-target therapy laid the foundation for the development of safer, more effective and more comprehensive treatments for PD.
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Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are complex diseases of still unknown etiology. Lately, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become increasingly popular and implicated in several pathologies as they have several roles and appear to be involved in all biological processes such as cell signaling and cycle control as well as translation and transcription. MEG3 is one of these and acts by binding proteins or directly or competitively binding miRNAs. ⋯ This review examines the current state of knowledge concerning the level of expression and the regulatory function of MEG3 in relation to several NDs. In addition, we examined the relation of MEG3 with neurotrophic factors such as Tumor growth factor β (TGFβ) and its possible mechanism of action. A comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the role of MEG3 in ND could give a clearer picture about the initiation of the process of neuronal death and help develop an alternative therapy that targets MEG3.
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Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has garnered significant attention as a promising bioelectronic therapy. In recent years, respiratory-gated auricular vagal afferent nerve stimulation (RAVANS), a novel non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation technique, has emerged. RAVANS integrates respiration with transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) and shares a similar mechanism of action to traditional VNS. ⋯ In this review, we delineate the potential mechanisms of action of RAVANS, provide a comprehensive overview of its clinical applications in chronic low back pain, migraine, depression, hypertension, and cognitive disorders. Furthermore, we offer future perspectives on optimizing the parameters of RAVANS and its application in post-stroke dysphagia. This will pave the way for new avenues in RAVANS research.
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Multicenter Study
Deep learning-based segmentation of acute ischemic stroke MRI lesions and recurrence prediction within 1 year after discharge: A multicenter study.
To explore the performance of deep learning-based segmentation of infarcted lesions in the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and the recurrence prediction value of radiomics within 1 year after discharge as well as to develop a model incorporating radiomics features and clinical factors to accurately predict AIS recurrence. ⋯ The MRA-UNet model can effectively improve the segmentation accuracy of MRI. The model, which was established by combining radiomics features and clinical factors, held some value for predicting AIS recurrence within 1 year.
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This study explored structural and functional alterations in the whole brain of stroke patients with hemiplegia. ⋯ This study identified key brain regions and characteristics that exhibit structural and functional changes following stroke injury.