Medical education
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The adverse patient event is an inherent component of surgical practice, but many surgeons are unprepared for the profound emotional responses these events can evoke. This study explored surgeons' reactions to adverse events and their impact on subsequent judgement and decision making. ⋯ Surgeons progress through a series of four phases following adverse events that are potentially caused by or directly linked to surgeon error. The framework provided by this study has implications for teaching, surgeon wellness and surgeon error.