Spine
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A prospective clinical study using venography to evaluate deep venous thrombosis after posterior spinal surgery. ⋯ The prevalence of deep venous thrombosis after posterior spinal surgery is higher than generally recognized. Therefore, further study is necessary to clarify the appropriate method for screening and the effect of prophylaxis against thromboembolism after spinal surgery.
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A finite element investigation to determine the causal mechanisms that lead to odontoid fracture. ⋯ Force loading that puts the head in extension coupled with lateral shear or compression leads to Type I fractures, whereas axial rotation and lateral shear can produce Type II fractures. The model failed to elucidate causal mechanisms for Type III fractures. Flexion seems to provide a protective mechanism against force application that would otherwise cause a higher risk of odontoid failure.
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Both the cadaveric and clinical examples of anomalous vertebral artery courses are described. The incidence of this anomaly in the general population and recognition, complications, and treatment options for these patients when undergoing anterior cervical decompression are discussed. ⋯ Aberrant vertebral artery is rare. Preoperative recognition and appropriate modification of anterior decompression can yield excellent clinical results without risking significant complications.
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A retrospective review of contemporaneously acquired clinical data supplemented by experimental cadaver dissection. ⋯ The most common cause of vocal cord paralysis after anterior cervical spine surgery is compression of the RLN within the endolarynx. Monitoring of ET cuff pressure and release after retractor placement may prevent injury to the RLN during anterior cervical spine surgery.