Spine
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Analysis of baseline data for patients enrolled in Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial (SPORT), a project conducting three randomized and three observational cohort studies of surgical and nonoperative treatments for intervertebral disc herniation (IDH), spinal stenosis (SpS), and degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS). ⋯ Similar to prior studies, Black participants were less likely than Whites or Others to prefer surgical treatment; however, they were no less likely to agree to be randomized. Treatment preferences were strongly related to both race and willingness to be randomized.
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Comparative Study
Biomechanical comparison of instrumented posterior lumbar interbody fusion with one or two cages by finite element analysis.
Using finite element models to study the biomechanics of lumbar instrumented posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with one or two cages. ⋯ A single cage inserted in an instrumented PLIF gains approximate biomechanical stability, slight greater subsidence, and a slight increase in screw stress but less early degeneration in adjacent disc. Adjusting these factors, instrumented PLIF with one cage could be encouraged in clinical practice.
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Descriptive study of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) Classification for Adult Spinal Deformity using interobserver reliability measures for validation of the system. ⋯ A uniform system for classification of adult spinal deformity has significant utility in improving the ability of surgeons and authors to compare and combine similar cases, and in improving the accuracy of reports on the outcomes of care for adults with spinal deformity. The SRS Classification System for Adult Spinal Deformity has good interobserver reliability and is predictive of surgical strategies. Further validation of the SRS Classification System will include measures of intraobserver reliability, and inclusion of clinical characteristics of patient presentation and comorbidities.
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Biomechanical analysis and retrospective chart review. ⋯ The advantages of cobalt chromium alloy wire over steel wire include greater tensile strength and titanium compatibility. Cobalt chromium alloy solid wires may be used as sublaminar implants with titanium spinal instrumentation with excellent clinical results.
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Comparative Study
Effect of different upright sitting postures on spinal-pelvic curvature and trunk muscle activation in a pain-free population.
A normative within-subjects single-group study. ⋯ Different upright sitting postures resulted in altered trunk muscle activation. Thoracic when compared to lumbo-pelvic upright sitting involved less coactivation of the local spinal muscles, with greater coactivation of the global muscles. These results highlight the importance of postural training specificity when the aim is to activate the lumbo-pelvic stabilizing muscles in subjects with back pain.