Spine
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Multicenter Study
Predictors of change in postoperative pulmonary function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective study of 254 patients.
A multicenter study of prospectively collected pulmonary function testing and radiographic measures in patients surgically treated for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). ⋯ Aside from preoperative PFT values, open anterior approaches predict the largest percent of variance in 2-year PFT. Additionally, a clinically significant reduction in the predicted 2-year pulmonary function is more likely when performing a thoracoplasty. The magnitude of the effects for both these variables, however, is modest. This may facilitate the decision-making process as regards to operative intervention.
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Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of self-report outcome measurements. ⋯ The results of this study indicate that the Brazilian-Portuguese versions of the FRI and RMDQ are reliable and valid instruments for the measurement of disability in Brazilian-Portuguese-speaking patients with LBP presenting for physiotherapy treatment. Both instruments are suitable for use in clinical practice and research studies.
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Comparative Study
A comparison of fatigue failure responses of old versus middle-aged lumbar motion segments in simulated flexed lifting.
Survival analysis techniques were used to compare the fatigue failure responses of elderly motion segments to a middle-aged sample. ⋯ Younger motion segments survive considerably longer when exposed to similar spine loading conditions that simulate repetitive lifting in neutral and flexed torso postures, primarily associated with the increased bone mineral content possessed by younger motion segments. Cycles to failure of young specimens at 22.5 degrees flexion were similar to that of older specimens at 0 degrees flexion, and survivorship of young specimens at 45 degrees flexion was similar to the older cohort at 22.5 degrees.
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Comparative Study
The incidence of donor site pain after bone graft harvesting from the posterior iliac crest may be overestimated: a study on spine fracture patients.
A retrospective cohort study on patients with traumatic vertebral fractures who underwent fusion with iliac crest bone. ⋯ Patients probably cannot differentiate between donor site pain and residual low back pain. The reported incidence of pain related to posterior iliac crest bone graft harvesting may therefore be overestimated.
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Comparative Study
Biomechanical comparison of a fully threaded, variable pitch screw and a partially threaded lag screw for internal fixation of Type II dens fractures.
Stiffness and load to failure were studied in a human cadaver model of Type II odontoid fractures stabilized with either a single partially threaded lag screw and washer or a headless fully threaded variable pitch screw. ⋯ A headless, fully threaded variable pitch screw was biomechanically favorable in comparison with a partially threaded lag screw and washer in this cadaver model of Type II dens fractures. The mode of failure at the C2 vertebral body may have important implications for further improvements in construct strength.