Spine
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Numerical modeling and simulations of scoliotic spine instrumentation using monoaxial, uniaxial, polyaxial, and multiple-degrees-of-freedom (6DOF) postloading pedicle screws. ⋯ The bone-screw loads of different screws were significantly different. The descending order of bone-screw loads was monoaxial, uniaxial, polyaxial, and 6DOF screws. For patients with large and stiff spinal deformities or for patients with compromised bone quality, screws with more degrees of freedom offer better perspective to reduce bone-screw connection failure.
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A retrospective chart review. ⋯ CVJ TB can severely damage the odontoid process, resulting in atlantoaxial dislocation. In these patients, surgery restores and maintains the craniocervical alignment and has a predictable outcome compared with conservative therapy. Pathological odontoid fractures have the potential to go into nonunion. Odontoid process once destroyed completely is rarely restored after antibiotic therapy.
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A retrospective case series. ⋯ With the evolution of newer lower profile segmental implant systems that provide more rigid fixation and with the advancements in techniques for deformity correction, the repeat surgical intervention rate for idiopathic scoliosis has decreased.
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Cadaver dissection. ⋯ Several points might be listed as potential sites of entrapment along the course of the posterior ramus of the thoracic nerve and its branches, leading to the cause of thoracic back pain. In addition, the articular branch entering the facet (zygapophyseal) joint originated from the descending branch, which was the first branch of the posterior ramus.
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Psychometric testing of the Persian Functional Rating Index (PFRI). ⋯ The PFRI is valid and reliable for use in a Persian-speaking population with NP.