Spine
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Retrospective questionnaire analysis. ⋯ Patients who received a MIS approach more frequently sought out their surgeons, were more confident in their procedure, and reported less perceived disadvantages following their surgery compared with the open surgery cohort. Both cohorts would prefer MIS surgery in the future. Overall, patients have positive perceptions of MIS surgery.Level of Evidence: 3.
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Finite element analysis. ⋯ For a patient with HRVA, bicortical short C2 pars screw fixation provides sufficient stability and exhibited a smaller von Mises distribution on the screw-rod construct, indicating it could be an effective C2 internal fixation method for HRVA to promote C1-C2 stability and avoid the vertebral artery injury.Level of Evidence: N/A.
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We combined elements of cohort and crossover-cohort design. ⋯ Among older Medicare beneficiaries who initiated long-term care for cLBP with opioid analgesic therapy, the adjusted rate of escalated care encounters was significantly higher as compared to those who initiated care with spinal manipulative therapy.Level of Evidence: 3.
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A retrospective study of surgical outcomes in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). ⋯ This study demonstrated that patients with severe forms of DCM experienced significant improvement in neurological function following cervical decompression surgery. These improvements indicate that cervical decompression surgery is effective in this patient population and has the potential to improve neurological status.Level of Evidence: 3.
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In vivo study using immunostaining and immunoblot analysis. ⋯ During the disc degeneration process, BMDMs were observed mainly around the endplate and outside area of the annulus fibrosus, with few in the inside area of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. Compared to other IVD area, macrophage polarity and cytokine expression is concomitantly M2-dominant in endplate. Increased hematogenous M2-phenotype macrophages in endplate with progression of IVD degeneration could enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disc degeneration.Level of Evidence: N/A.