Spine
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Porcine intervertebral discs (IVDs) were excised and then drilled to simulate degeneration before being electrically stimulated for 21 days while undergoing mechanical loading. The discs were then analyzed for gene expression and morphology to assess regeneration. ⋯ The direct electrical stimulation application in NP of damaged IVDs can be a viable option to regenerate damaged NP and annulus fibrosus tissues.
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Systematic review. ⋯ Present data evidence favorable results regarding the possibility of establishing a threshold value for osteoporosis diagnosis from CT measurements of HU. Prospective large-scale studies are needed to more robustly infer the possibility of quantifying BMD based on CT as a screening test and infer a prognostic value of the CT-based evaluation.Level of Evidence: 2.
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This is an international multicenter retrospective review of 219 surgically treated consecutive adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients who had a minimum of five fused segments, completed a 2-year follow-up. ⋯ We refined the PRISM by adding preventive procedures to the risk indices. Further validation and adjustment in a large different patient cohorts may improve the predictive probability of PRISM2.Level of Evidence: 3.