Spine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effect of a Mensendieck exercise program as secondary prophylaxis for recurrent low back pain. A randomized, controlled trial with 12-month follow-up.
A prospective, randomized, controlled trial with a stratification block design in which a Mensendieck exercise program was compared with the experience of a control group. ⋯ A secondary prophylaxis Mensendieck exercise program of 20 group sessions significantly reduced the incidence of low back pain recurrences in a population with history of the condition. However, there were no differences between the groups with regard to days of sick leave, low back pain, and function.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Randomized trial comparing interferential therapy with motorized lumbar traction and massage in the management of low back pain in a primary care setting.
A randomized trial designed to compare interferential therapy with motorized lumbar traction and massage management for low back pain in a primary care setting. ⋯ This study shows a progressive fall in Oswestry Disability Index and pain visual analog scale scores in patients with low back pain treated with either-interferential therapy or motorized lumbar traction and massage. There was no difference in the improvement between the two groups at the end of treatment. Although there is evidence from several trials that traction alone is ineffective in the management of low back pain, this study could not exclude some effect from the concomitant massage.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Recurrent low back pain and early disc degeneration in the young.
A prospective 9-year follow-up study involving randomized matched subgroups of 15-year-old schoolchildren with or without low back pain at baseline. ⋯ The authors' earlier findings already favored the hypothesis of a causal relation between the early evolution of a degenerative process of lower lumbar discs and recurrent low back pain in the near future. The current results further strengthen this hypothesis, indicating that individuals with disc degeneration soon after the phase of rapid physical growth not only have an increased risk of recurrent low back pain at this age, but also a long-term risk of recurrent pain up to early adulthood.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Intrathecal morphine. Double-blind evaluation of optimal dosage for analgesia after major lumbar spinal surgery.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind study. ⋯ For adult patients undergoing posterolateral lumbar fusion, 0.3 mg (0.004 mg/kg) is probably the optimal dose of intrathecal morphine to manage pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The association between cigarette smoking and back pain in adults.
A retrospective cohort study of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A comparison group of persons without scoliosis was also selected randomly from the general population. ⋯ The finding that smokers have more frequent episodes of back pain may imply that smoking exacerbates back pain, and the observation that stronger associations between back pain and smoking were found in the scoliosis cohort suggests that smoking may have a greater impact on persons with damaged spines.