International urology and nephrology
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We investigated whether the recently established biomarkers of acute kidney injury, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), may help to diagnose acute urinary tract infections (UTI) in adults and are able to distinguish between upper or lower localization. ⋯ While uKIM-1 seems not to serve as a helpful biomarker in this setting, increased levels of uNGAL indicate inflammatory processes in the urinary tract in adults. However, the determination of uNGAL levels does not allow to differentiate between upper and lower UTI.
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Multicenter Study
Difference between true functional haemoglobin and pre-dialysis haemoglobin is associated with plasma volume variation: a multicentre study.
Due to the well-known intradialytic haemoglobin (Hb) change, it has been suggested that true functional Hb differs from pre-dialysis Hb. However, mechanisms of this change are not understood properly. We aimed at studying the role of plasma volume variation. ⋯ Plasma volume variations play a major role in intradialytic Hb change. True functional Hb should be estimated in all patients with a weight gain higher than 1 kg.
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Increasing evidence suggests that acute kidney injury (AKI) mediates a systemic response that can lead to multiple organ failure. AKI may manifest in a variety of clinical scenarios including kidney transplantation and is associated with a significantly high mortality. ⋯ Furthermore, it remains unclear as to whether cytokines mediate similar or differing responses in different end organs. This review summarizes the effects of AKI on remote organs and explores the role of systemic cytokines in mediating distant organ damage.
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Comparative Study
Incidence and mortality of acute kidney injury in acute myocardial infarction patients: a comparison between AKIN and RIFLE criteria.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with adverse outcomes after acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The recently proposed AKI network (AKIN) suggested modifications to the consensus classification system for AKI known as the risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage (RIFLE) criteria. The aim of the current study was to compare the incidence and mortality (early and late) of AKI diagnosed by RIFLE and AKIN criteria in the STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous intervention (PCI). ⋯ AKIN criteria are more sensitive in defining AKI compared with the RIFLE criteria in STEMI. However, no difference exists in the mortality risk provided by these two scoring systems.