Early human development

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• Early human development · Dec 1998

  Review

  Protein demand in the premature neonate and in the small for gestational age full-term neonate.

  From our analysis, it may be seen that from simple data it is possible to evaluate the protein and energy adequacy of very low weight neonates, which is crucial to help them achieve normal intellectual and somatic growth and development.

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• Early human development · Dec 1998

  Review

  White matter injury in the preterm infant: an important determination of abnormal neurodevelopment outcome.

  Periventricular white matter injury, specifically cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and ipsilateral hemorrhage into white matter associated with periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PV-IVH), contribute significantly to neonatal mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental deficits in the premature infant. The first lesion PVL occurs in approximately 3-4% of infants of birth weight (BW) < 1500 grams. It manifests either as a focal or diffuse lesion within white matter. ⋯ The postnatal administration of indomethacin to high risk infants appears to hold the most promise at the current time in preventing this lesion. The neurodevelopmental outcome with extensive white matter injury is universally poor, affecting long-term motor and cognitive deficits; the long-term outcome is more favorable with lesser involvement. A clearer understanding of pathogenesis of both conditions is essential so as to provide targeted preventative strategies.

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