The American journal of medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
The association between smoking and low back pain: a meta-analysis.
To assess the association between smoking and low back pain with meta-analysis. ⋯ Our findings indicate that both current and former smokers have a higher prevalence and incidence of low back pain than never smokers, but the association is fairly modest. The association between current smoking and the incidence of low back pain is stronger in adolescents than in adults.
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Review Meta Analysis
Incidence of thrombocytopenia in hospitalized patients with venous thromboembolism.
To determine the incidence of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia in patients receiving prophylaxis or treatment for venous thromboembolism. ⋯ Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia is rare among patients aged <40 years and women following delivery. The risk of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia is more duration-related than dose-related, and higher with UFH when used for an extended duration. Our findings and those of the literature suggest that although heparin-associated thrombocytopenia is uncommon, the incidence can be minimized by use of LMWH, particularly if extended prophylaxis or extended treatment is required.
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Meta Analysis
Effects of surgical weight loss on measures of obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis.
Limited evidence suggests bariatric surgery can result in high cure rates for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the morbidly obese. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the effects of surgical weight loss on the apnea-hypopnea index. ⋯ Bariatric surgery significantly reduces the apnea hypopnea index. However, the mean apnea hypopnea index after surgical weight loss was consistent with moderately severe OSA. Our data suggest that patients undergoing bariatric surgery should not expect a cure of OSA after surgical weight loss. These patients will likely need continued treatment for OSA to minimize its complications.
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Meta Analysis
Combination therapy versus monotherapy in reducing blood pressure: meta-analysis on 11,000 participants from 42 trials.
To quantify the incremental effect of combining blood pressure-lowering drugs from any 2 classes of thiazides, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers over 1 drug alone and to compare the effects of combining drugs with doubling dose. ⋯ Blood pressure reduction from combining drugs from these 4 classes can be predicted on the basis of additive effects. The extra blood pressure reduction from combining drugs from 2 different classes is approximately 5 times greater than doubling the dose of 1 drug.
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Epidemiologic findings are inconsistent concerning the association of endometrial cancer risk with cigarette smoking. We conducted a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies to examine this relation. ⋯ Cigarette smoking was found to be significantly associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer, especially among postmenopausal women.